Order of Aviz

The order of Aviz , or order of saint Benoit d' Aviz , is a military religious order Portuguese founded at the 12th century.

History

In 1165, the king Alphonse Ier of Portugal occupies the town of Évora and entrusts it, in 1175 with the knights of Calatrava installed in Portugal, organized in militia under the name of brothers of holy Marie d' Évora . The first large-Master of the brotherhood is Pedro Afonso, wire illegitimate of king de Portugal. Although subjected to the spiritual authority of Calatrava, the new order quickly takes a broad autonomy, in particular after its emménagement with Aviz, in the province of the Alentejo, offered by the king Alphonse II of Portugal in 1211.

Like Calatrava, the order obeys the Règle of saint Benoît and integrates the Ordre cistercian and, once installed in its new seat, takes the name of order of saint Benoît d' Aviz . The knights wear the white dress cistercian, with the green cross fleurdelysée at the left side, under which two birds are represented ( aves means birds in Portuguese, with pronunciation close to that of Aviz ).

In 1385, the large-Master about Aviz, Jean ( João ), wire illegitimate of the king Pierre I {{er}} reaches the throne of Portugal, initiating the Dynastie of Aviz. Starting from this date, the large-Masters all are selected in the royal family.

At the 16th century the order tranforme in a honorary Order of the Portuguese crown, the office of large-Master being attached to the crown in 1551, and loses all its religious characters. It east dissolves in 1834 then restored in 1894 under the government of Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro, like purely honorary order. Again dissolves in 1910 by the Provisional government of the Republic of Teófilo Braga, it is again restored by Sidonio Pais in 1918 to reward the soldiers having fought the Germany in the Flandres, in Angola and with the Mozambique pensdant the First World War.

The military order of Aviz currently purely honorary, is intended to decorate the soldiers being distinguished individually or collectively.

List Large-Masters

  • Pedro Afonso ( C. 1160 - 1169)
  • Fernão Rodrigues Monteiro (1175 - 1195)
  • Gonçalo Viegas de Lanhoso (1197 - 1219)
  • Fernando Eanes (1219 - 1237)
  • João Porteiro
  • Martim Fernandes
  • Fernão Soares
  • Lourenço Afonso
  • João Worse
  • Vasco Afonso
  • Gil Martins
  • Garcia Worse
  • Gil Worse
  • Afonso Mendes
  • Gonçalo Vaz
  • João Rodrigues Pimentel
  • João Afonso
  • Diogo Garcia
  • Martim C Avelar
  • Egas Martins
  • Portuguese Monarchy (starting from 1364)

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