Opus caementicium
The opus caementicium , (of Latin caementum = hardcore, rough stone) is a made masonry of mortar and stones of any kind (waste of size for example) and which with the aspect of the Béton. The mixture was done with the rise of the work, by alternating shovelfuls of mortar and road-metal.
This concrete could be used only, formatted in Coffrage S, or form the filling of the walls and vaults while being locked up between two Parement S of regular Moellon S ( Opus vittatum or Opus reticulatum ). To measurement of the rise of the wall, one could place Assise S out of bricks on all the thickness of the wall, which made it possible to regularize and reinforce the unit.
The opus caementicium is one of the keys of the architectural success of the Roman building, by the speed of implementation and the solidity of constructions. It authorized the realization of Voûte cast solid (known as vault concretes) of a range of several tens of meters, as for the Basilique of Maxence or the the Pantheon of Rome.
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