Oppède

Oppède ( Oupedo in Of Provence according to the Standard mistralienne and Opèda according to the traditional Standard) is a common French, located in the department of Vaucluse and the area Provence-Alp-Coast of Azure.

Its inhabitants is Oppédois.

Geography

The territory of the commune of Oppède consists of three different parts: the Mountain of the Luberon, hills bordering the mountain and the Flat alluvial of the Coulon. The Altitude of the village of Poulivets is of 140 meters.

The common one belongs to the Regional natural park of Luberon

Two River sprinkle the territory: the Coulon and the Valadas. Coulon takes its source in the Alp-of-High-Provence, crosses the throats of Oppedette, crosses Apt and will be thrown in the Durance towards Cavaillon. Its total course is of 66 kilometers. A rare characteristic of this Rivière is that it bears two names: initially that of Calavon, then that of Coulon starting from the village of Beaumettes. The name change is made in extreme cases old between the Gallic tribes of Albiques (Apt) and of Cavares (Cavaillon). The Valadas is thrown in Coulon, it is dry in be.

History

The name of Oppède appears for the first time at the beginning of the 11th century. Perhaps it comes from the word Oppidum (Gallic city strengthened, on a place generally in height), which would correspond well to the site.

One found some traces of occupation Roman E, a furnace bridge with the god Mercure (with the museum of Cavaillon), currencies. The Voie Domitienne passes in edge Coulon.

After having belonged to the count de Toulouse, Oppède passes under the authority of the Pape S in 1274, after the Albigensian Crusade.

In 1380, Oppède is allotted to the truck driver Bernardon of the Room, which keeps it until its death in 1391. Turning over under the authority of the pope, Oppédois in do not appreciate the heavy taxation, especially when the troops of Raimond de Turenne, which made the Guerre with the pope, damage the village in 1394: Oppédois reproaching the pope for being more effective to perceive taxes than to defend imposed. When them Taillades raise against the pope in 1398, Oppédois unite with them.

At the time of the schism of papacy, Oppède accommodates the Antipape Benoît XIII - Pedro de Luna - but this last must flee while jumping by a window of the castle, to take refuge in Spain.

His/her brother (or nephew?) Rodrigo de Luna makes of Oppède a Fortified town for the defense of the family interests and installs in 1409 there a garrison of Catalan mercenaries. The legitimists (in favor of the pope of Rome) then besiege Oppède during two years, until the Catalan garrison leaves the place and enlists in the rows of besieging. Oppède is allocated then to the pope of Rome.

In 1501, the pope Alexandre VI concedes the Seigneurie of Oppède with the Avignon are born Accurse de Meynier (or Maynier), judge-magus of Provence, for a yearly rental of 230 Florin S. Oppédois are opposed to it and accept their new Seigneur only in 1511, after the guarantee that their rights would be maintained.

In 1530, the Dominican Jean de Roma directs a fight campaign against the heretics: plunderings and murders follow one another (with Cabrières and Mérindol), until the intervention of the king, alerted by the turning of the events (the inquisitor growing rich by plunderings).

It is his/her son Jean Maynier who illustrates in the massacre of the Vaudois of Luberon in 1545.

The family of Maynier, badly seen in reasons of the massacres of the Of Vaud and converted with the Protestantism, leaves Oppède and Aix-en-Provence for the area of La Rochelle, Fontenay-the-Count, Saumur at the end of the 17th century.

The Château is abandoned towards the end of the 17th century, then ruined little by little by plunderings of the inhabitants.

Like the whole of the Comtat Venaissin, Oppède remains with the popes until the September 14th 1791: a decree, returned on the proposal of the Camus deputy, joins together with the France Avignon and the Comtat Venaissin. During the 19th century, the population goes down towards the plain, the church and the Mairie (in 1912) follows and centers it commune is now in Oppède-les-Poulivets, old Oppède being more hardly inhabited and falling in ruins.

After the Armistice of 1940, artists come to take refuge in old Oppède. Among them is Consuelo de Saint-Exupéry, the woman of the aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. When Consuelo leaves in 1942 to join her husband with the the United States, it makes oath with her friends tell the history of the group of Oppède, promise held in one entitled book Oppède .

Administration

Demography

Graph of the evolution of the population 1794-1999

Places and monuments

Church Notre-Dame de Dolidon or of Alidon located all in top of old Oppède, one of the rare buildings of this sector which is not in ruin.

Of Romance pace, it was altered in 1547 - after the Guerre of the Of Vaud - then in 1592 with additions Gothic S, then still in 1815 and 1869. It is beautiful a Collégiale 12th century, of which the restoration is in hand (collection of gifts sponsored by Michel Leeb), dominating a panorama with 360°.

Ruins (turn and walls) of a medieval Castle and vestiges of old gravers. Pretty houses dating from the XV {{E}} and 16th centuries and four laundrettes recently restored.
Vault of the penitent white in the old village, while going up towards the church.
Vault Holy Antonin in the plain, towards old the Railway.

One can see the remainders of the fortifications while walking in the old village. One sees there in particular a tower at the edge of a chasm, in the south-western angle. The interior staircase disappeared, one still can with a little climbing outward journey in a driving corridor with the WC. The top of the tower is connected to the remainder of the castle by a vertiginous arcade. According to the legend, it by that the antipape Benoît XIII would have flown away, is supported there by the devil.

There remain almost nothing any more the castle itself, some arched rooms were released these last years.

Economy

Careers of Freestone of Estaillades.

The stone of these careers, of the Calcareous shelly of very good quality, is used in particular by the cheminists, manufacturers of chimneys. The stone of the Palais of the Popes of Avignon comes from there.

Vine, Fruit, early products.
biological Fruit and vegetables.
Wine AOC Coasts of Luberon.
Mill S with Olive oil.
Tourism.
Craft industry

Personalities related to the commune

Consuelo Suncin Sandoval de Gómez (1901 - 1979)
Michel Leeb, godfather of association and married to collegial of Our-Lady-in Alidon: “I fell in love from there as one falls in love with a woman”

Activities

employers' Festival: weekend of the SAINT LAURENT in August (five days).
Festival of the Vintage S: third weekend October.
Musical of Oppède: July and August.
Climbing.
Old terraces Holy-Cecile, landscape Garden: together of 15 terraces where push more than 80 rustic species, Plante S herbaceous, shrubs and Arbre S of the Luberon.
Excursion S pedestrian (Path of great excursion GR6) and cyclists.
Trail of the old Stones, second Sunday of April, 21 km for 1360 m of uneven.
Luberonde, pedestrian race except stage of 19 km, last Sunday of April.

See too

Common of Vaucluse

External bonds

Oppède on the site of the National Geographical Institute
Oppède on the site of INSEE
Oppède on the site of Quid
Oppède on Viamichelin

Sport

Oppède-Maubec Luberon Football Club

Support of the site

Oppède the Old man, the film (three free extracts if not sale with benefit used for the restoration of the site).

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