Olympic Games of summer of 1936

The Olympic Games of summer of 1936 , Plays of XIe Olympiad of the modern era, were celebrated with Berlin, in Germany.

Organization

The organization of the Olympic Games was entrusted to Berlin, which carried it vis-a-vis the candidature of Barcelona by 43 votes for 16, in 1931 (thus before the accession of Hitler to the capacity). It is the second time that Berlin is indicated, but the OJ of 1916 had been cancelled because of the First World War.

See also: Cities candidates.

  • Before the Plays, several countries had evoked to boycott the OJ and to organize " Populaires" Against-plays; parallel in Barcelona, but in addition to the difficulties of organization, the release of the Guerre of Spain compromised the project definitively.

  • If the Olympic Games of Berlin did not make it possible the Nazi Germany to show the physical superiority of the Aryan race, the organization of the Plays appeared with the measurement of the reputation of order and discipline of the Germans.

  • Construction of a monumental stage of 100.000 places, by the architect Werner March. A whole turn is reserved for SA.

  • Construction of an Olympic village with Dobreviz with cinema, theater, variety, and library. Each room has a bathroom and central heating.

  • the marathon profits from kilometric reference marks, which make it possible the competitors to measure their effort. Every three kilometers, of the well provided points of supply were envisaged, with chronometric points which give them the variation with their predecessors. These provisions make it possible to limit the number of the abandonments.

Striking facts

  • For the mode of the III {{E}} Reich, these plays were to be the occasion to prove its power and the “supremacy of the Aryan race”.

  • At the time of the opening ceremony, certain national delegations made the Olympic safety (which resemble the hello hitlérien), in particular France and Greece. The Italian delegation made Roman safety of course, in any point identical to the hello hitlérien. As for American, they were discovered at the time of the passage in front of the official platform.
  • One will remember Adolf Hitler leaving the platform not to greet the winner of the 100 meters, Jesse Owens, because it was black. But, a contrario , according to the autobiography of Owens ( History of Jesse Owens , 1970), Owens describes how Hitler rose and greeted it:
“After having become the chancellor, it emerges while greeting me with the hand, I greeted it in return. I think that authors showed a bad taste by criticizing the man of the hour in Germany. ” During the inauguration of the new Olympic stadium in Berlin in 1984, the widow of Jesse Owens declared that her husband had been respected more by the authorities Nazis than by the leaders of its own national team…
  • It was also the occasion for Leni Riefenstahl to carry out a film of anthology on the Plays: the Gods of the stage
  • It was also one of the first reports of the history in Télévision.
  • 13 years and 267 days old, American the Marjorie Gestring, gold medal with the springboard is the youngest Olympic champion of the history of the Plays.
  • Old of 12 years and half, the French No5el Vandernotte, cox, two bronze medals in two and four barred is the youngest medal-holder of the history of the Plays.
  • It is the only year when the automobile sport was registered with the Plays. On the 125 registered cars, the many German cars left favorite, accompanied by only one British car, Singer Mans 1500 controlled by American Betty Haig, girl of the marshal Alexander Haig. Last nine days later, it gained the test, becoming thus the only woman of the history to beat men with an Olympic test.

Hero of the Plays

  • Jesse Owens gains four gold medals: 100m, 200m, relay 4x100m and long jump.

  • Robert Carpenter, gains the race over individual road and with the team of France of cycling, the gold medals of against the watch by teams and the continuation by teams (4000m).

Participating nations

49 nations take part in these plays of Berlin. Six of them appear for the first time: Afghanistan, Bermuda, Bolivia, Costa-Rica, Liechtenstein and Peru.

Sports and disciplines

Medals

See too

External bond

  • the page of the Olympic Games of Berlin on the official site of the CIO.

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