Olympiad of failures

The Olympiade of failures is an international competition of failures which returns at the even years. The first edition took place in 1927 with London. Stopped during the Second world war, they began again in 1950 on the initiative of FIDE and have since place every two years.

Origin

At the time of the individual chess tournament organized in London in 1922 by the British Federation of failures, Znosko-Borovski, Russian player living Paris, announces the wish of the French federation to promote a great tournament by team at the time of the Olympic Games which must take place in Paris later two years. This advertisement is favorably accommodated by all the large Masters present.

This first semi-official championship takes place in Paris in 1924. On this occasion, under the impulse of the French Pierre Vincent, the International federation of the failures is created (FIDE), whose first elected president is the Netherlander Alexander Rueb.

In 1926, it is organized in Budapest, at the time of the congress of the FIDE, a certain number of activities, of which a tournament by team which joins together only four nations.

These the first two competitions did not obtain the label of Olympic ideal insofar as, on the one hand, they were not organized by the FIDE; in addition, the classifications were stopped on rules different from those which prevailed then in the official competitions.

The term “Olympiad of failures” will be devoted only in 1952.

Payment

The competition brings together national teams of 4 players, supplemented by 1 then 2 substitutes. The order of the players according to their supposed force (1st, then 2nd, 3rd and 4th chess-board) will be fixed only in 1931.

Each match inter-nation thus proceeds on 4 chess-boards. The points allotted to each round correspond to the sum of the individual results. In the event of equality with the final classification, decides between it is done on the result of the matches. Later, it is the Système Buchholz which will be used.

The formula will change with the increase in the number of participating nations, passing from a single hen, with the formula with a turn of qualification, then ghost with a single hen with a Swiss Système.

Comments

It is about a very heterogeneous competition where selections made up of the best world players (all the largest players of the 20th century are illustrated there) côtoient made up selections players amateurs.

During the Cold war, it gave place to confrontations with high stakes between the the USSR and the the United States, the team gaining the Olympiad being regarded as the world champion team.

She illustrates in particular the superiority of the USSR (then of Russia) in the world échiquéen of second half of the XXe century (19 victories of the USSR, then 6 victories of Russia in 37 editions, including 29 organized since 1950).

Prize list

Men

General prize list

Particular prize list of the French-speaking countries

Women

General prize list

Particular prize list of the French-speaking countries

See too

  • Raj Tischbierek, Sternstunden of Schachs. 30x Olympia. London 1927 - 1992 shackled , Berlin: Sportverlag, 1993.

External bonds

  • OlimpBase : contexts, results, performances, parts, etc

    • History of the Olympiads of failures
    • male Results
    • female Results
  • Payments of the FIDE

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