Olivier V of Clisson

For what me plaist

Olivier V of Clisson was born on April 23rd 1336 with the Château from Clisson and died the April 22nd 1407 with the castle of Josselin. Representing most famous of the Family of Clisson, her cruelty was worth to him to be called the Butcher . Its existence is marked out multiple reversals. It shows an exceptional military value, but its position of large Féodal (it is named a time Connétable of France) which plunges it in the middle of antagonisms of the One hundred Year old Guerre in fact a key character of the History of France.
He is the son of Olivier IV of Clisson and Jeanne of Belleville. Shown to have intrigued with the king Edouard III of England, his/her father is carried out in 1343 on the order of Philippe VI of France which had attracted it by treachery with Paris. Taken refuge in England with his widowed mother, it is high at the court of Edouard III with Jean de Montfort, future applicant with the ducal throne of Brittany.

The war of succession of Brittany

To the side of Jean IV of Brittany, wire of Jean de Montfort, Olivier de Clisson will take an active part in the War of succession of Brittany which lasts since 1341, year of died of Jean III of Brittany. In September 1364, a few months after the advent of Charles V, Jean IV benefits from the disturbed situation which France knows since the capture of Jean the Good to make a decisive effort with the Breton ones of its party. Helped of an English body under the orders of John Chandos, this captain who had decided fate of the Bataille of Poitiers in 1356, Jean IV besieges Auray, city with the help of which go Charles of Blois and a body of French troops ordered by Of Guesclin which will be made prisoner during the bataille.
The two armies clash under the walls of the city. The fate is initially undecided; but treasons in the party of Blois, and the support brought by Chandos and Olivier de Clisson to Jean IV decide exit of the battle. They succeed in disjoining from/to each other the troops of Charles of Blois in order to fight them separately. Moved away from large from his army, Charles of Blois is surrounded by his enemies and is killed in the fray. The war of succession ends with this bataille.
Jeanne de Penthièvre is inclined in front of the events and the peace talks between the houses of Blois and Montfort start with the castle of Blain that Olivier comes from recouvrer.
By the treated of Guérande (1365), Jean IV, called the Conqueror , is finally recognized like duke of Bretagne.
Olivier puts back with Blain his campaign, looking after his wound - it lost an eye with the battle, from where its second nickname Disbudded of Auray - when it learns that Jean IV preferred to give to the English John Chandos the castle of the Gâvre and his forest, that Olivier de Clisson coveted in reward of his good and faithful services. Whereas it expresses its dissatisfaction with the Duke, this one answers him évasivement. Olivier, seized of anger, exclaims I would like better to give me to the devil to see the English my neighbor and, fifteen days later, fire the castle of Gâvre and in makes transport the stones in its castle of Blain to a few kilometers to the south. The duke confiscates then to him the seigniory of Châteauceaux

In 1367, Olivier de Clisson takes part, as an English general at the sides of Robert Knolles and under the command of the Prince Noir, with the Bataille of Najera (Spain) vis-a-vis the troops ordered by Of Gesclin. The French will lose the combat and Of Guesclin prisoner for the second time will be made.

Increasingly powerful - it acquires in 1370 the seigniory of Josselin - Olivier, whose temperament is put up badly with vassalage, is not made to get along with the duke and does not support any more the English of which this last likes to be surrounded. On his side the duke does not have any sympathy to that with which however it is mainly indebted of its ducal crown. During years, it will be between these two men the sometimes deaf fight, sometimes open.

Olivier Marie in 1361 with Catherine of Laval, which gives him two children:

Marguerite (born in 1366 - died in 1441), which will marry on January 20th 1387: Jean Ier de Châtillon, wire of Jeanne de Penthièvre, Duchess of Brittany
Béatrix (dead in 1448), which will marry Alain VIII of Rohan

With the service of king de France

The October 23rd 1370, Clisson is combined with Of Guesclin, … with always and forever… by the oath of Pontorson where they drink their bloods mixed in a cut. Of Guesclin is then constable of Charles V and enemy of the duke of Brittany. Olivier takes part then in the neutralization of the Grandes companies and in the fights against the English troops established in Guyenne. With died of Of Guesclin in 1380, Charles VI, shortly after his sacring, the fact Constable. Jean of Blois, wire of Charles of Blois is hostage in England, Olivier de Clisson pays his ransom and his/her daughter Marguerite, known as Margot gives him, in marriage.

It makes Château of Josselin imposing place-strong by reinforcing it with eight turns and a 90 height m keep. It gives his other daughter, Béatrix, in marriage with Alain VIII of Rohan and marries in second weddings Marguerite de Rohan, sister of the Viscount Jean Ier de Rohan. Immensely rich, it then seems the chief of the French party in Brittany.

November 28th 1380, Olivier de Clisson receives from Charles VI the sword of constable of France, in spite of the opposition of the uncles of the king, the dukes of Anjou, Berry and Burgundy. This opposition is not to in no case justified by the military value of the new constable but finds his origin in the membership of Olivier de Clisson to the first circle of the advisers of Charles VI, the Marmousets.

The November 27th 1382, Olivier V of Clisson takes part in the Bataille of Roosebecke.

In 1392, it is the subject of an attempted murder by Pierre de Craon, which says its personal enemy but of which it is probable that it was encouraged by the duke of Brittany to make this attack. Jean IV having refused to deliver the criminal to the king, Charles VI takes the head of an army to attack Brittany, but in the surroundings of the Mans, it is struck of its first crisis of madness.

The uncles of the king benefit from this weakening of Charles VI for évincer Marmousets, of which Clisson which is relieved of its load of constable and outlaw of the kingdom of France. It takes refuge in Brittany in its castle of Josselin.

After 35 years of estrangement and battles, it ends up reconciling in 1399 with its suzerain Jean IV of Brittany. This last sends to him his/her son like guarantor of his sincerity and the fact of coming to Vannes. They promise honest peace and good friendship until death, promise which will be held.

It governs Rennes in 1402, as a tutor, the ceremonies of the crowning of the young duke Jean V, wire of Jean IV, but regency is entrusted to the duke Philippe II of Burgundy.

His/her Margot daughter, taking the party of her husband and her claims on the duchy, attracts herself the anger of Olivier de Clisson who predicts to him: Perverse, you will be the ruin of your children . Prediction which will be checked, since two of wire will be carried out for Lèse-majesté with regard to the duke whom they had removed and the third will be imprisoned during 25 years.

Jean V, become duke reigning in 1404, takes in his connection vexatious measures, and, in reprisals of a lawsuit that Clisson brings to him, wants to confiscate his grounds and accepts only at the last time an financial affair.

Olivier de Clisson dies in Josselin on April 23rd 1407 at the 71 years age. He is then buried in the vault of the castle of Josselin but its tomb will be profaned in 1793.

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