Okroug

Lokroug is a term used in the certain States of Europe of the East to indicate certain types of administrative subdivisions.

Etymology

The term appears in the following languages:

In Bulgarian: bg окръг ( okrag )
In Polish: Russian Po okręg
In : Ru о́круг ( okroug )
In Serb: о́круг ( okroug )
In Ukrainian: the U.K. округа ( okruha )

Étymologiquement, the term is similar to the German of [[Bezirk]] (“District”): the oukroug and the of Bezirk refer to something of “encircled”

Current subdivisions

Russia

In Russia, the term orkoug (in Russian: Ru о́круг) can be used to indicate several types of administrative divisions.

Generally translated by “District”:

the federal districts Russian (: Ru федера́льныйо́круг, federalny okroug );
the autonomous districts Russian (: Ru автоно́мныйо́круг, avtonomy okroug ), like that of the Tchoukotka;
the autonomous district of Permyakie (in Russian: Ru Ко́ми-Пермя́цкийавтоно́мныйо́круг, Komi-Permyakiy avtonomy okroug ), a territory having a special statute inside the Krai de Perm.

Generally translated by “District”:

administrative districts of Moscow (in Russian: Ru административныйокруг, administrativy okroug ), of which they are the administrative division moreover high level;
municipal districts of Saint-Petersbourg (in Russian: Ru муниципальныйокруг, munitsipalny okroug ), of which they are an administrative division of less high level.

On the level of the Selsovet S :

of the okrougs (in Russian: Ru о́круг, orkoug );
of the okrougs rural (in Russian: Ru се́льскийо́круг, selsky orkoug );
of the okrougs rural territorial (in Russian: Ru се́льскийтерриториа́льныйо́круг, selsky territorialny orkoug );
of the okrougs Stanitsa (in Russian: Ru станичныйо́круг, stanitchny orkoug );

the okroug urban (in Russian: Ru городскойокруг, gorodskoy okroug ) indicates a type of municipal unit, a center of urban population not-built-in a municipal district.

Serbia

The Serbia is divided into 29 okrougs (in Serbe: о́ круг), in addition to the town of Belgrade.

Old subdivisions

Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, the okrougs (in Bulgarian: bg окръг, okrag ) was subdivisions of the Oblast S which existed between 1987 and 1999.

Poland

The Poland used the term Po [[okręg]] to indicate several types of administrative subdivisions, the last time between 1945 and 1946.

Imperial Russia

The orkougs was a variety of administrative division of the imperial Russia.

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union indicated like okrougs autonomous administrative units created for some people, to which was entrusted a statute of autonomy inside some Oblast S or Krai S.

Originally called “okrougs national”, these divisions were created in the years 1920 and largely implemented in 1930 for the autonomy of the people of the North of the Soviet Union. In 1977, the new constitution changed the term into “okrougs autonomous” in order to stress the idea of autonomy.

See too

Bezirk
Circle
District
Okręg

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