Oestridae

The denomination “ Œstre ” gathers insects Diptère S, generally of large especially widespread flies in the hot, but so moderate areas of the sphere, of which the larvae Parasite NT (Endoparasite S) the man and/or certain animals of which beasts of burden, oxen, sheep, of the birds… The larvae of some as of these species cause human diseases known as “myase S” often not very dangerous for the animals, but depreciating the skins.

In moderate zone

Several species are quoted for a long time like posing problem for the animals of breedings or feature and load;

the Estrus of the horse (or the ass) or gastrophile of the horse, whose scientific names were Gastrophilus intestinalis , or Gasterophilus intesinalis deg., or gastrophilus equi (horse club-footed-fly for the Anglo-Saxons); fly from 12 to 15 millimetres whose larvae parasitize equine (horse, ass) the

Il exists about it descriptions different for the same name from insect, which let think that it could exist confusions of classification or identification;
The agricultural larousse of 1921 describes flies of yellowish color to darker abdomen (fig, 830) with the wings transparent and crossed in their medium by a brown band. According to the larousse, the females lay in summer on the horses, the asses, the mules, of eggs grouped out of packages blanchâtres stuck on the skin and the hairs of the animals. Their spindle-shaped larvae by their movements cause itchings which would encourage the animal to be licked. The larvae then start the second part of their life cycle in the stomach where they are fixed by producing surface ulcerations. Six to twelve months then, the larvae are detached and via the excrements are evacuated in the external environment where they are transformed into nymph, from where an adult will emerge who will recommancera a cycle of parasitism.
Of other authors presents this fly like a cosmopolitan, with the thorax darker than the abdomen and in the shape of water drop, without mentioning nor to describe the bars coloured on the wing. According to them, the female lays several hundreds of egg on the host (rather on the former part). The larva leaves egg after this last has aity licked and introduced. It remains several days on the language, and finishes its growth in the stomach. Before being evacuated via deposit outside where it is metamorphosed in Pupe in the excrements or the ground.

Œestre of the sheep ( Estrus ovis ) is at the origin of the Oestridiose sheep, disease which according to the agricultural larousse of 1921 is due to a long fly from 10 to 12 millimetres whose larva parasitizes the sheep. Its head is brown and its corselet (as well as the abdomen) gray yellowish; marked black spots. The wings transparent and are marked of three dark points at the base (detail not represented on the illustration of the guide of the insects of Zahradnik-Severa, Hatier, 1984de p 310, nor mentioned).

La laying of the females would be made (June at September and rather around naseaux from where the larvae crawl towards the frontal sinuses via the nasal cavities. These larvae nourish themselves there. If they are abundant, they irritate the mucous membranes of their host, causing sneezes and secretions ( “throwing” ) rather abundant. This article and other authors quote a behavior of imbalance evoking the tournis, known as “false tournis” or giddinesses of estruses in the parasitized animal.

the Estrus (or Hypoderme) of ox.

method of fight

Paints " not always effective " special oils (of fish, flax in which one made macerate various plants), possibly addtionnées of oil, phenol, etc) were used. When they acted of myases external, at the Man as in the animal “small grips with points foams” were used to extract the larvae where they were visible and accessible. One also extracted them by pressing the structure furonculeuses which betrays their lodging. The wounds were formerly washed with carbolic water, Crésyl ée or Lysol ée, aujourdh' ui replaced by modern Disinfecting S, with a possible treatment Antibiotique.

See too

Hypoderme (insect)
Myase S

External bonds

August 1st

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