The oecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (in Greek: Oικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο Kωνσταντινουπόλεως, in Turkish: Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi) is the jurisdiction autocéphale of the orthodoxe Église on " the whole of the world connu". This role is related to the statute of old capital of the Empire Romain of Istanbul (at the time Constantinople). Its primary canonical territory is the orthodoxe Archidiocèse of Constantinople. In addition, contrary to the Pape the oecumenical Patriarch has only one honorary preeminence on the others orthodoxe Églises autocéphales. Its complete titulature is Archevêque of Constantinople, new Rome and oecumenical Patriarche , with residence with the Phanar with Istanbul (in the past Constantinople) in Turkey (titular current: Its Holiness Bartholomée I {{er}} since the November 2nd 1991).

Name

The orthodoxe Church of Constantinople is also known under other names:
  • orthodoxe Greek Church of Constantinople
  • Roman Church of Constantinople

History

Contrary to the other patriarchaux seats of the Pentarchy, the head office of Constantinople is not an apostolic seat, although the tradition allots to him a foundation by André. However, following the foundation of the city by Constantin, the first council of Constantinople, in 381 recognizes a " to him; preeminence of honor after the bishop of Rome, because Constantinople is the Rome." news; This decision is confirmed in gun 28 of the council of Chalcédoine into 451, but before even this time, the Patriarchs of Constantinople took draws it from Oecumenical Patriarche , without specifying what that precisely recovers in term of jurisdiction. The popes of Rome, Leon Ier and Gregoire Ier refused to guarantee this use. Moreover the maintenance of the oriental party of the Empire Romain makes that the Patriarch remained under the supervision of the political power, in the system of the Césaro-papism. However more than the Great schism of the East in 1054, it is the fall of Constantinople to the hands of the Turks into 1453 which caused a considerable weakening of the authority of the Patriarch. It cannot prevent the erection of Moscow in patriarchat autocéphale in 1589, and the increasingly marked tendency of the national churches to the Autocéphalie during the XIXe century, decreased its influence further. However, the Sultan S still granted a certain authority to him on the orthodoxe Christian of the Ottoman Empire. In 1923, with the Turkish Republic, this function ceased completely. The Oecumenical Patriarch however keeps a great prestige within the orthodoxe Communion, of which it is the Primus inter pares .

Organization

Territorial structure

in Turkey :

  • Archdiocese of Constantinople (left European Istanbul)

    • Metropolis of Chalcédoine (Kadiköy)
    • Metropolis of Imbros and Ténédos (Gökceada and Bozcaada)
    • Metropolis of Principonèse (Islands of the Princes, Kiziladalar)
    • Metropolis of Dercos (Büyükdere)

in Greece :

  • Crete (Church of Crete, semi-autonomous; sit at Héraklion):

    • Metropolis of Gortyna and Arkadia (seat with Moirai)
    • Métropole of Rethymna and Avlopotamos
    • Métropole of Kydonia and Apokoronos (seat with Caned the)
    • Métropole of Lampi, Syvritos and Sfakia
    • Métropole of Ierapytna and Siteia (seat with Ierapetra)
    • Métropole of Petra and Herronisos (seat with Néapoli)
    • Métropole of Kisamos and Selinos
    • Métropole of Arkalohorion, Kastelio and Vianno

  • Holy Mountain of Athos and the Dodécanèse

    • Holy Mountain of Athos (20 monasteries, capital with Karyès)
    • patriarchal Exarchat of Patmos (Patmos, Lipsos, Aghathonisi, Arki)
    • Metropolis of Rhodos
    • Metropolis of Kos and Nisiros
    • Metropolis of Leros, Kalimnos and Astipalea
    • Metropolis of Karpathos and Kassos
    • Metropolis of Simi

  • New Grounds (these territories, Othomans until 1913, Greeks since, nominally always concern the patriarchate of Constantinople, but their bishops, following an agreement between the two Churches, take part for the moment in the synods of the Église of Greece):

    • Épire
    • Western Macedonia
    • central Macedonia
    • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Islands of Lemnos and Lesbos
    • Island of Tap-holes
    • Islands of Samos and Icarie

in America :

in Western Europe :

  • Archdiocese of Thyatire and Great Britain (seat with London)

  • Archdiocese of Italy and exarchat of southernmost Europe (seat with Venice)
  • Metropolis of France (seat with Paris)
  • Metropolis of Germany and exarchat of Central Europe (seat with Bonn)
  • Metropolis of Austria and Hungary (seat with Vienna)
  • Metropolis of Belgium and exarchat of the Netherlands and Luxembourg (seat with Brussels)
  • Metropolis of Sweden and of all Scandinavia (seat with Stockholm)
  • Metropolis of Switzerland (seat with Geneva - Chambésy)
  • Metropolis of Spain and Portugal (seat with Madrid)
  • Russian orthodoxe Archbishop's palace in Western Europe (seat with Paris)

in Asia :

  • Metropolis of HongKong

  • Metropolis of Korea

in Oceania :

  • Archdiocese of Australia (seat with Sydney)

  • Metropolis of New Zealand (seat with Wellington)

Relations with the other Churches

Relations with the other orthodoxe Churches

The Patriarch of Constantinople exerts a primacy of honor ( first among its equal ) among the chiefs of the orthodoxe Churches. He is to some extent guaranteeing values of orthodoxy.

Relations with the Roman Catholic church

  • 1964 Rencontre enters the oecumenical patriarch Athénagoras I {{er}} and the pope Paul VI.
  • 1965 the oecumenical patriarch and the pope raise mutual excommunications of 1054.

Relations with Turkey

The Turkey as a State does not recognize the oecumenical character of the Patriarchate. It also rejects the term of Constantinople for that of Istanbul. In 1922 the Turkish government supported the setting-up of a orthodoxe Turkish Patriarcat like means of pressure to impose the resignation of an oecumenical patriarch too judged pro-Athenian, but this new institution did not bore and does not count any more members today, separately the widened family of her founder, that is to say forty people.

Improvement of the fate of the orthodoxe Church of Constantinople east one of the stakes of the possible adhesion of Turkey to the European Union.

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • Official site of the oecumenical Patriarchate
  • orthodoxe Center of the oecumenical Patriarchate with Chambésy (CH)
  • OrthodoxWiki - Church off Constantinople

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