October 1989

the éphéméride | all on October and 1989.

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Sunday the 1st er October 1989

  • German Democratic republic: Beginning of the transfer to the West of more than 6.000 Easts Germany taken refuge before in the West German embassies to Prague and Warsaw.
  • West Germany: Municipal elections in the Rhineland and in North-Westphalia: maintenance of the SPD (42,9%), light fall of CDU (37,5%), bored Liberal party (6,5%) and Republicans of the right main road (2,3%) but with lists in only half of the communes; in the important cities of Cologne, Dortmund and Düsseldorf, it obtains between 5 and 8% of the voices.
  • France: Death of the type-setter and Danish singer Georges Ulmer at the 70 years age.
  • Lebanon: 62 deputies Lebanese, are brought together with Taef in (Saudi Arabia), for bases of “national reconciliation”.

Monday October 2nd 1989

  • German Democratic republic: With Dresden, as with Leipzig are held big demonstrations for freedom, in this last city, several thousands of candidates to the exile clash with the police force.
  • France: Renewal of the strike to the Peugeot factories of Sochaux and Mulhouse.
  • Great Britain: The Workers party gives up officially its doctrines of unilateral nuclear disarmament.
  • Soviet Union:
    • the Supreme Soviet vote, at the request of the president Mikhaïl Gorbatchev, a resolution prohibiting the right to strike in the strategic sectors. At the time of its speech, Gortbatchev declares: “ We started to lose the control of the things. The new mechanisms are not engaged, whereas the old ones do not fontionnent any more (...) One cannot wait. Each additional day has terrible consequences ”. Gortbatchev obtains the prohibition of any strike during one year, but the following day it limits this measurement to the only strategic sectors (transport, communications, energies, national defense, police force and administrations governmental, is 35 to 40% of the workers).
    • Death of Andrei Gromyko, Soviet statesman

Tuesday October 3rd 1989

  • Belgium: The professor of medicine Joseph Wybran, president of the Coordination committee of the Jewish organizations of Belgium, is assassinated with Brussels.
  • France:
    • Alain Poher is elected for the eighth consecutive time, the third ballot, chair Senate.
    • With the National Assembly, the Prime Minister engages the responsibility for the government on the bill of programming soldier 1990-1993. The RPR deposits a motion of censure, in spite of the adverse opinion of the other groups of the opposition; it is pushed back the October 9th.
  • Panama: An attempt at putsch against the general Manuel Noriega leads to six hours of street battles. The president George Bush demented person any participation of the the United States.

Wednesday October 4th 1989

  • German Democratic republic: At the time of the tranfert by train, of the 6.000 refugees of the West German embassies, the thousands of other German of the east, candidates to the emigration towards the west, run and try to go up in these “ trains of freedom ” by taking them by storm.
  • France:
    • Within the framework of the Peugeot conflict: a conciliator is named, but the strikers refuse to evacuate the forging mill of Sausheim.
    • Fine of strike the nine days of the prison warders, with the call of FO pénitenciaire.
    • the Front National organizes a demonstration in front of the Senate, at the time of the opening of the debate on the relative bill with the financing of the political parties and the electoral campaigns.
    • the Minister of Interior Department Pierre Joxe announces the creation of a new cell charged “ to fight against racism and the anti-semitism. ”

Thursday October 5th 1989

  • German Democratic republic: With Dresden, of violent one confrontations see to clash several thousands of demonstrators, candidates to the exile, and the police force.
  • France: The organizations S.O.S Racism and MRAP launch an offensive médiatico-policy against the main thing of the college Gabriel-Cut Creil, Ernest Chenière, an Inhabitant of Martinique, culprit in their eyes, to have returned three young Moslem pupils who refused to remove their Islamic veil in class. Following this operation an agreement will be found on October 9th.
  • Tibet : The Nobel Prize of peace is allotted to the Dalai Lama.

Friday October 6th 1989

  • German Democratic republic:
    • Official visit two days of Mikhaïl Gorbatchev.
    • Durand four days, in several cities of the country, have place of the anti-Honecker demonstrations and anti-Gorbatchev, dispersed by the police force.
  • France:
    • the former president Valery Giscard d'Estaing, in a maintenance given to the Express train, proposes the constitution, before January 1st, 1992, of a single formation of the opposition, which he proposes to call the “RUR” (Gathering of the union for the revival).
    • Within the framework of the parliamentary debate on the relative bill with the financing of by, tis political and of the electoral campaigns, the article envisaging the amnesty is rejected.
  • Hungary:
    • Assembled in congress for two days, the Hungarian Communist party (PSOH, Hungarian working Socialist party), decides abandonment of any reference to Communism, and takes the denomination of “Hungarian Socialist party”.
    • Death of Janos Kadar, Hungarian statesman.

Saturday October 7th 1989

  • German Democratic republic: Last great popular demonstration of the Communist regime of the German Democratic republic, at the time of the 40e birthday of GDR, in the presence of Mikhaïl Gorbatchev.
  • Argentinian: The president Carlos Menem amnesties the soldiers and the civilians continued for “ violation of the human rights ” between the years 1976 and 1983, as well as the three commander-in-chiefs, persons in charge, at the time of the Guerre of the Falklands in 1982.
  • France:
    • Vote of the relative bill to the financing of the political parties and the electoral campaigns, except for the article envisaging the amnesty.
    • the Minister of Interior Department, Pierre Joxe, announces the creation of a ministerial cell charged “to fight against racism and the anti-semitism”.
  • Greece: Tzannis Tzannetakis, the Prime Minister for the government of the experimental coalition “Communists and conservatives”, resigns.
  • Hungary: The working Socialist party Hungarian changes name and becomes the Hungarian Socialist party (700 000 members) with at its head Rezsö Nyers former social democrat rejoined with the Communists in 1948.
  • the Vatican: The pope Jean-Paul II begins a 10 days official trip in Southeast Asia at the time which it returns visit to Seoul (2 days), with the Indonesia (5 days), then with the Mauritius (3 days).

Sunday October 8th 1989

Monday October 9th 1989

  • France:
    • Within the framework of the Business of the Islamic veil to the college Gabriel-Cut of Creil, attended by 58,5% Moslem pupils, the organizations S.O.S Racism and MRAP negotiated an agreement, authorizing the pupils to carry the scarf in the enclosure of the establishment, but not in class. Following this agreement of other similar cases appear with Marseilles and Avignon.
    • Official visit of the president François Mitterrand in Latin America: Venezuela (9,10), Ecuador (11), Colombia (12). At the stopover in Guadeloupe, it is victim of a “light faintness” officially of with heat.
  • Hungary: Rezsö Nyers assumes the chairmanship of the new “Hungarian Socialist party”.
  • European Union: The Plan Delors-Scrivener on the installation of the VAT European is rejected unanimously by the Ministers for Finance of the Twelve.

Tuesday October 10th 1989

  • France:
    • Opening of the parliamentary debate on the Badinter bill relating to the reform of the penal code.
    • Nation-wide strike of the customs officers.
  • Venezuela: At the time of the official visit of the French president François Mitterrand, a cooperation agreement in the fight against the drug trafficking, is signed.
  • European Union: The elected officials of the European Line group are excluded from the presidency and the interparliamentary vice-presidency of the delegations on proposal of Jean-Pierre Cot, president of the socialist group of the European Parliament. The 11, the deputies frontists Bruno Gollnisch and Bernard Antony, which protested against this “violation” of the rules of the European Parliament, are expelled of force of the hemicycle.

Wednesday October 11th 1989

  • Greece: Yannis Grivas, the president of the Court of appeal is named Prime Minister by interim, in order to prepare the next anticipated elections.
  • Hungary: Imre Pozsqay, official candidate with the presidency of the Republic declares in an interview with the newspaper Le Figaro: “ the assessment of Communism is negative. It was a dead end. It created the bureaucratic property and killed the individual initiative. The passivity became the behavior dominating. ”

Thursday October 12th 1989

Resolution of the European Parliament on the situation in GDR (October 12th, 1989)

October 12th, 1989, the European Parliament adopts a resolution relating to the exodus towards the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) of thousands of East-German citizens and in whom it invites the government of the German Democratic republic (RDA) to open the way of the democratic reforms. European Parliament source, Resolution about the situation as a German Democratic republic (October 12th, 1989), in Official journal of the European Communities (OJ of the European Communities). 20.11.1989, n°C 291, p. 89-90. Germany RD, collapse of the Communist regime, unification of Germany, refugee, 1990.10.00 Copyright All reproduction rights, of communication to the public, adaptation, distribution or repeat broadcast, via Internet, an internal network or any other means, strictly reserved for all countries. The documents diffused on this site are the exclusive property their authors or having right. The requests for authorization are to be addressed to the authors or having right concerned. Also consult the legal warning and the conditions of use of the site. Chemin Historical events - 1987- 1997 L ' European Union in Europe in change - end of the Cold war and changes geopolitical in Europe - revolutions and civil wars in Europe - reunification of divided Germany - the collapse of the German Democratic republic (RDA)

Death De Luambo Makiadi Free

Friday October 13rd 1989

  • the United States: stock exchange Mini-crash, involving a fall of 7% of the index Dow Jones of Wall Street (- 190 points).
  • France: During the meeting of the central committee of the PCF, the former minister, Charles Fiterman, made read a report/ratio blaming the general secretary, Georges Marchais.
  • Soviet Union: with Moscow, for the first time since 1917, a great mass is celebrated in the orthodoxe cathedral of the Assumption, at the time of the 400e birthday of the orthodoxe Patriarcat of Moscow.

Saturday October 14th 1989

  • France: The body of the general of reserve Jean Favreau, former governor military of Paris is found fottant in the the Gironde, it was announced like missing since the October 7th. The police force is directed towards the track of a foul crime. The 12, its car had been found burnt on a forest path with about fifteen kilometer of its residence in the Gironde.

Sunday October 15th 1989

  • South Africa: Eight persons in charge of ANC, imprisoned for terrorism, are released by decision of the government of Frederik de Klerk. Among them, Walter Sisulu, 77 years, one of the historical leaders, after 26 years of prison.

Monday October 16th 1989

Tuesday October 17th 1989

  • the United States: Close to San Francisco in California, a earthquake of magnitude 6,9 cause the death of 72 people.
  • France: During an interview on the chain Antenne 2, the Ministre for State education, Lionel Jospin request with the Minister of Justice to engage of the continuations against the mayor of Montfermeil, Pierre Bernard, because this last made the decision to refuse the inscription of new children, resulting from immigration, under reason that those account for 100% of the children in certain classes of his commune, and 27% on the whole.

Wednesday October 18th 1989

  • German Democratic republic: Erich Honecker, general secretary of the Communist party (SED) and Head of the State since 1971, leaves the capacity. It is replaced starting from the October 24th by Egon Krenz, its indicated dolphin.
  • Space: Launching of the space shuttle Atlantis and the Probe Galileo towards the planet Jupiter.
  • France:
    • the civils servant of the taxes express in front of the ministry for Finances in Bercy. The 20, their trade unions judge like insufficient the premium of 315 FF proposed by the Minister for the financs Pierre Bérégovoy.
    • Relance of the business of the scarves to the college Gabriel-Cut Creil. On the pressure of the Federation of the Moslems of France, the three Moslem young girls again refuse to remove their veil and are expelled under the terms of the decree of 1937 prohibiting the Prosélytisme inside the schools. The FMF, represented by Jacques Vergès carries felt sorry for against the headmaster Ernest Chenière.
  • Hungary: Introduction of the multi-party system in Hungary.
    • 333 deputies against 5 and 8 abstentions vote the end of the constitution of 1949. Hungary is officially named “Republic of Hungary” giving up the denomination of “Republic socialist and popular”, the concept of “being able of the workers” and especially puts an end to the role directing of the Communist party founding from now on the multi-party system.
    • Matyas Szurös, the president of the Parliament is named Head of State by interim until the presidential election.
  • Poland: The Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki is in three days official visit in Italy. He is received on October 20th by the pope Jean-Paul II.

Thursday October 19th 1989

Friday October 20th 1989

  • Hungary: The Parliament votes the new electoral law instituting of the free and multi-party legislative elections.

Saturday October 21st 1989

  • France: The Prime Minister Michel Rocard engages the responsibility for the government on the first part of the project of the finance law for 1990.

Sunday October 22nd 1989

  • France:
    • With Paris, associations of integrist Moslems, relayed by the Voice of Islam of Mohamed Moujaher, organizes Beards with the Republic, a demonstration in favor of the port of the “Khiemar”, the Koranic scarf in the public schools. Six hundred integrist islamist is deducted.
    • Of many personalities from the right, of which Valery Giscard d'Estaing, Charles Million and Jean-Marie Le Pen asks for the opening of a great debate on immigration.
  • Hungary: the Hungarian Minister for the Foreign affairs evokes, at a meeting with Oslo, the possibility of a withdrawal of the Soviet troops “ as quickly as possible. ”
  • Lebanon: The 62 deputies Lebanese, brought together with Taef in (Saudi Arabia), for bases of “national reconciliation”, sign an agreement conscrant the Syrian presence and its seizure on the country. This agreement is rejected by the general Michel Aoun.

Monday October 23rd 1989

  • German Democratic republic: 300.000 people claim with Leipzig the end of the communist dictatorship.
  • Kampuchea: The Khmer Rouge take the town of Pallin and threaten Battambang, the second city of the country.
  • France: Seven weeks end of strike in the factories Peugeot of Sochaux and Mulhouse.
  • Hungary:
    • a demonstration gathering more than 100.000 people claims the right to celebrate the insurrection of 1956. Crowd holds up the Hungarian official flag - red, white, green - but whose communist badges were carefully cut out, and of the portaits of the hero of the insurrection of 1956, Imre Nagy.
    • Official announcement of the change of the name of the country which becomes the République of Hungary, the popular adjective “ ” is given up, symbolically the day of the birthday of the insurrection of 1956. The new Hungarian flag has like official badge the crown of patron saint of the country, the king Etienne Ier. The president of the Parliament states: “ After so much of years these people deserves a little happiness and abundance ”.
  • Lebanon: Signature of the Agreement of Taëf, presented like an attempt to restore peace, due to the political efforts of a committee made up of the king Hussein of Jordan, of the king Fahd of Saudi Arabia, and of president Chadli of Algeria. 62 deputies - Christians and Moslems - former Lebanese National Assembly joins together with Taëf, adopt a document devoting in fact the seizure of Syria on Lebanon to which this agreement gives a legal base.

Tuesday October 24th 1989

Wednesday October 25th 1989

  • France:
    • the Minister for Education Lionel Jospin, in an intervention with the National Assembly, known as to authorize the port of the Islamic scarf at the school while calling with the respect of the Secularity. Its position is greeted by a hourvari protests of deputies of right-hand side like left. This position expresses it Malayan of the French left unable to choose clearly between the combat for the secularity and that of the tolerance, with the risk to cut immigrant community and “moral generation” but also of the laic teachers, while confusing the combat antiracist and that for the freedom of religion. The FEN declares that “ Neither the place, neither the form, nor the bottom of the remarks of the minister are acceptable ”. Jean Poperen lance a political offensive to defend secularity, whereas the executive office of the Socialist party, after six hours of debate does not manage to take a clear position.
    • the Council of Ministers adopts the bill of Amnistie for the crimes of blood in New Caledonia, amnesties wide with the assassins of the gendarmes of Ouvéa.

Thursday October 26th 1989

Friday October 27th 1989

Saturday October 28th 1989

Sunday October 29th 1989

  • Spain: The legislative elections, are gained for the third consecutive time but of accuracy by the Spanish working Socialist party which preserves the absolute majority. The Spanish Communist party knows an important progression.

Monday October 30th 1989

Tuesday October 31st 1989

  • Turkey: The Parliament elects the Prime Minister Turgut Özal like new president of the Republic.

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