Numerus clausus in the admission with the French medical studies

Numerus clausus means in Latin “number closed”. This term indicates the fixed number of students admitted in certain courses each year, mainly in the professions of health , which are regulated .

In France, it was set up by Simone Veil in 1971, the installation of this law caused demonstrations coeds.

Motivations

The numerus clausus is set up for several reasons:

To control the number of thus graduate professionals the number of professionals in activity.
To limit the number of students in dies with much of training courses, whose quality would be reduced by an excess (one of the reasons of the medical numerus clausus in France is the obligatory externat for all the students).
In less measurement, to ensure a capacity of maximum work and memorizing by a drastic selection, in the optics of long and difficult studies.

The mode of enforcement of the numerus clausus is the contest, which fulfills the republican requirement of equal opportunity.

Limits

The numerus clausus would lose its relevance for several reasons:

the obligation of recognition of the diplomas of the other European countries, whereas no control can be exerted on the delivery of these diplomas, sometimes even it does not have there a numerus clausus in these countries (example: Eastern Europe).
the insufficient rate of adaptation of the numerus clausus involves an alternation of periods " fastes" and of periods " creuses".
the safety offered by protected professions attracts many candidates. That has posed problem for the contests of medicine and pharmacy which at the pithead leave thousands of students readjusted with one, two even three years not suitable for beneficiation (of the efforts are done for a few years in the medical colleges to ensure of the footbridges for the " receipts-collés").
In the same way, the massification of the contests makes them less relevant, less in adequacy with the qualities required by the professions and their formations.
the numerus clausus is subject to enormously the influence of the lobbies and the trade unions.
the freedom of installation remaining complete, the numerus clausus is ineffective to control the medical density geographically.
the relations offers care/many experts and health expenditure/many experts is not linear, even not determinists.

Other regulations

In certain countries, the numerus clausus is simply replaced by social fixing of quotas, the studies being not easily accessible.
In others, the medical and paramedical professions not being protected, there is a medical labor market freer good, with unemployment.

The United States for example applies a model between the two. Germany has a higher numerus clausus has its needs. This allows an improvement of the care (not protection because lack of doctor) and the rural areas are not forsaken.

the numerus clausus can be applied to the level of the end of the secondary studies. The only countries in Europe to apply the numerus clausus at the end of one academic year of contest are Belgium (in French community), Portugal and France.

Numerus clausus according to faculties in 2006-2007

Amiens: 172
Angers: 140
Besancon: 143
Bordeaux (total of three faculties): 356
Brest: 134
Caen: 160
Clermont-Ferrand: 161
Corte: 20
Dijon: 179
Grenoble: 169
Lille-Warembourg: 411
Lille-catho: 92
Limoges: 128
Lyon (total of four faculties): 418
Marseilles: 345
Montpellier + Nimes: 228
Nancy: 266
Nantes: 181
Nice: 139
Noumea: 7
Paris Descartes: 383
Western Paris: 125
Paris VI (St Antoine and pitíé): 337
Paris VII (Bichat and Lariboisière): 350
Paris XI (the Kremlin-Bicêtre): 141
Paris XII (Creteil): 155
Paris XIII (Bobigny): 127
Point-with-Clown: 77
Poitiers: 168
Rheims: 167
Meeting: 32
Rennes: 170
Rouen: 188
Saint-Etienne: 124
Strasbourg: 239
Toulouse (total of two faculties): 260
Turns: 196

References

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