Numerical camera

A numerical camera (or APN ) is a Camera which collects the light on support of an electronic type, rather than on a silver film, and which converts the information received by this support to code it numerically.

A numerical camera uses a sensor CCC or CMOS to acquire the images, and usually records them on memory cards (CompactFlash, SmartMedia, Memory Stick, Secure DIGITAL, etc)

History

All goes back to the invention of the sensor CCC in 1970.

In the Années 1970 appear the first Caméra S video intended for the private individuals. The manufacturer Sony decides in 1981 to use his knowledge in the field of the video to manufacture a magnetic camera: the Mavica for Video Magnetic Camera . A magnetic disk allows the storage of 50 images colors of a definition of 490 × 570 points (280 000 pixels), with the format NTSC. A suitable reader allows to post the photographs on a Téléviseur. Not to be in remainder, the other manufacturers adopt a support standardized for the magnetic storage of photographs: the Diskette two inches (the Ordinateur S of mark Amstrad used diskettes three inches).

In 1989, Canon proposes the Xapshot , intended for the general public, which lays out of a definition of 786 × 300 points. It is followed baptized models Ion . These first models are not really numerical, because the image, if it is well captured by a dot matrix, is stored in way Analogique on magnetic storages.

In 1991, the department Kodak DIGITAL Science of Kodak leaves a numerical back for a traditional Camera reflex camera, the Nikon F3. This product is intended to the professionals, in particular because of his prohibitive price. Fujifilm and Nikon leaves a little later the Fujix , with comparable characteristics.

In 1992, the manufacturer of mouse Logitech lance the Fotoman , numerical small apparatus to connect on Microcomputer. The apparatus has a definition of 376 × 284 points, and stores 36 photographs in memory. It is the first entirely numerical photoscope. The following year, Apple proposes a similar apparatus, the Quicktake , which takes photographs in 640 X 480 or 320 X 240.

Starting from 1995 - 1996 appear numerical cameras such as we know them at present, equipped with a screen LCD colors with the back. The explosion of the market occurs towards 1997 - 1998 with a rapid multiplication of the models. The definition, initially lower than the million pixels, grows quickly, until exceeding the 12 million in 2006.

Marks

See too

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