Numerical bouquet of remote transmission

The numerical bouquet of remote transmission is a form of Satellite television which consists in using the capacities with broad band satellite of S in order to transmit a whole of television channels by metaphorical use of the word Bouquet (flowers).

They use mainly the spectrum “Ku”, 10.9 to 12.75 GHz, spectrum 3.5 to 4.2 GHz, more known under band “C” and exceptionally the waveband going from 2.5 to 2.7 GHz or “S”.

The remote transmission or broadcasting by satellite, other designations, fact call mainly to the digitalization of the signals but it remains still some retransmissions Analogique S (via a Démodulateur) in the process of disappearance.

The antenna for the TV by satellite is the Parabole, more rarely the Antenne punt.

A satellite is placed in Geostationary orbit (nearly 36.000 kilometers) and thus appears motionless since the Ground. The reception antennas (parabola) are consequently fixed. The system by satellite is free for the users, like TNT, but the possible subscriptions with the encrypted bouquets are paying. It is necessary in addition to buying or renting equipment of reception. The parabola (30 €) is often offered at the time of a catch of subscription TPS, CanalSatellite, etc

The satellite is the most powerful means of diffusion since it is the only able one to immediately cover the 100% of a territory, the analogical and numerical ground networks seldom exceeding the 70 to 80%, reached gradually. The Cable network and ADSL are very far.

In Europe

In France and Europe, one uses mainly 8 satellites:

the satellite Hot-Bird (constellation) with 13° is. It diffuses the bouquets TPS and AB Sat (paying and encrypted), Swiss bouquet SSR-SRG (encrypted but free by chart) and a multitude of bouquets and chains in light in the principal languages, German, English, Arabic (strong offer), Spanish, French, Italian (strong offer), Portuguese, languages Slavic, etc One there finds various categories of programs in light, service, infos, music, armchair shopping, monk, meteorology, tourism, voyage, ecology, lifestyle, regional, contact, charms. The chains in French language, in light, are not abundant, but the offer is packed, lately TV8 Mont Blanc and soon Montagne TV, France 3 Corsica via Stella. Is also envisaged (?) the Chain of international information (CII).
the satellite Astra 1 (constellation) with 19° is. It diffuses the paying bouquets like Canal+, CanalSat and AB Sat and the services “X” like particularly more than 50 of German chains in light, as well as chains of information and service in English language and American. One finds the chains of the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia) in light and partially in French. One has chains and services similar (sometimes identical) to those diffused by Hot-Bird.
the satellite Atlantic Bird 3 with western 5°. It diffuses TF1, France 2, France 3, Canal+, France 5/Arte and M6 into analogical clearly Secam in its monophonic, except Canal+ in stereophony.
the satellite Astra 2 with 28,2° is. It diffuses mainly British chains of which the BBC in light and the British bouquet Sky. Ideal for the english-speaking.
the satellite Hispasat with western 30°. Principlement dedicated to the transmission of programs in Spanish, some are in light.
the satellites Nilsat western 7° and Arabsat 26° is: tens of chains Arabic-speaking people in light, unfortunately the reception is delicate, especially in the north of France, parabola up to 1,20 meter.
the satellite Turksat/Eurasiasat 42° is, for the important speech community and cultural Turkish established in France. Programs TRT in light.

Foot-note: the free programs of the TNT will be transported by satellite, the methods are not yet known.

How to make

The free numerical programs are received with a kit (as of 89 €) being composed of a final DVB MPEG-2 “free access” and a parabola bisatellite dedicated to the programs in light of the satellites Hot-Bird and Astra 1. One can if one wishes to receive more than 2 satellites, be also equipped with a motorized parabola: the rotation of the engine is ordered by the decoder.

To receive in more the bouquets TPS and or CanalSatellite, the terminal comprises two card readers (Viaccess and Mediaguard/Astoncrypt, is the Access control). The investment is more important: 270 €.

To receive only the programs of TPS or those of CanalSat, a Terminal DVB-S of hiring dedicated is also appropriate.

In North America

Galaxie 10R (several networks of local TV terrestrial American, except NBC, PBS) has 123°W
Intelsat America 5 (Globecast, ethnic channels) with 97° western
AMC3 (educational channels PBS) with 87°W
AMC4 (American channels résaux ethnic NBC and Fox and some channels) with 101°W

and, for the paying TV:

Nimiq 1,2 (ExpressVu) with western 91° and 82°W
Echostar 6,7,8 (Dish Network) with western 119° and 110° western
DirecTV 1,2,4s with western 101° and 119° western
Anik (StarChoice) with 107° and 111° western

Note that this list can change constantly; a list of the signals of satellite of everywhere in the world is with http://www.lyngsat.com

In Africa

In Africa the satellites most used for paying digital television are

NSS 7 with 22,0° western

bouquet Satellite Canal Horizons - French-speaking

Eutelsat Sesat & W4 with 36,0° is

Bouquet DStv Premium English
Bouquet DStv Premium French
Bouquet DStv Indian
Bouquet Multichoice Africa in Portuguese
Bouquet Multichoice Africa in Spanish

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