Numerical Installation

The concept d'" installation numérique" corresponds to the bringing together of two concepts: the Town and country planning, generally included/understood like an action of the public authorities aiming to the development of the territory, and the " numérique" , generally indicating the universe of the Technologies the information and the communication, or a more general way the Company of information.

The numerical installation of a Territoire is thus the process by which the public actors improve the access terms with the resources of the Société of information, for the population (private individuals and companies) of this territory.

Concretely, that results in:

deployment of Network X of Electronic communications on the territory
the development of an offer of service meeting the needs for the population of the territory considered
accompaniment of the population in the appropriation of the tools

Private action only with the public intervention

If they are the private operators who contribute mainly to the deployment of such networks since the total opening to the competition of this market in 1998, this situation left with the free play of the market is not enough to bring an offer of infrastructures and services satisfactory on all the territory: one witnesses today a strong geographical differentiation in the offer available, in terms of diversity, tariff, performance.

By numerical installation, the Public authorities (Territorial collectivities and State), persons in charge of town and country planning on whom they are respectively qualified, aim to exceed the strategies of the operators, to even compensate for the territorial inequalities generated by their deployments, while seeking to stimulate the market.

The scale of territory considered is variable: it can be a question of a territory of scale communal (even infracommunale, in particular when one considers a big city and his various districts), inter-commune, departmental, regional, or national. According to the scale considered, the possible actors and actions are not well heard not necessarily the same ones. The interventions on the various scales are complementary.

Objectives of numerical installation

The intention of numerical installation is to limit imbalances between the territories on the plan of their accessibility and their competitiveness in the company of information and knowledge.

It thus acts, for the community in load of a given territory, of:

to reinforce its economic attractivity by the availability of a competing high banc offer,
to consolidate the competitiveness of its companies,
to support social cohesion and opening-up by the easy access to the various online services (trade, administration, education, culture, work, training…)

On a more total level, it acts:

to make so that each territory has the offer best adapted, according to the stakes of this territory and of the mobilizable means. That amounts making sure that it did not leave there for account of high banc, without to seek a strict equality of all the territories on the plan of the offers available.
to accompany the densest territories, in terms of population and economic activity, worms of the offers in particular allowing them to remain competitive on the European scene and international. That corresponds in particular to the development of the Très high banc.

Which actions for the public authorities?

The actions to be carried out by the territorial collectivities with the support of the State are several orders; they depend of course on the particular context of each territory: level of existing equipment, presence of the private operators, level of competition, offers available, needs for the population and the companies of the territory, means available to the communities, etc

A first action of the public authorities can be the coordination various actors, so that the various initiatives converge in an optimal way (technically and economically) towards a general activity representing the best compromise between the interests of the various actors. One finds here one of the traditional roles of the public actors in town and country planning.

One second action can be the mutualisation infrastructures, the part most expensive of the construction of electronic communication networks ex nihilo : thus, a community can place at the disposal of several operators infrastructures of reception (Fourreaux, pylons, technical premises, etc), which it itself will have built.

In a general way, the public actors do not have vocation to replace the private operators and service providers; their role is more a role of facilitator of private initiatives. Thus, for example, an action of mutualisation of the infrastructures established by the community will cause to reduce the cost of deployment of an private operator on a territory (because this one will not have to build its own infrastructures), and thus to support the appearance of gravitational offers for the population (residential customers like professional).

Whenever a territory is completely forsaken by private initiative, the law (see following part) makes it possible all the same the territorial collectivities to deploy and exploit themselves a communication network electronic with high banc; they then become suppliers of access to Internet, the same way that some provide today water or electricity. This situation is however relatively rare today.

Legal bases

The principal legal bases with the action of the territorial collectivities as regards numerical installation are contained in the L1425-1 article of the General Code of the Territorial collectivities. Introduced by the Law for Confidence into the Digital economy, the L1425-1 article of the CGCT opens with the territorial collectivities and their groupings the possibility of intervening in the field them electronic communications in order to mitigate a possible deficit of offers deprived on the territories.

It authorizes them to establish a communication network electronic in order to place it at the disposal of operators or to exploit it directly to provide band-width or lines subscribed to service providers, to even provide indirectly an access to the end user in the event of proven insufficiency of private initiative.

Complements - Bonds

Internal bonds

External bonds

Numerical installation in general

Numerical Workshop Installation of the Territories the site Numerical Workshop Installation of the Territories, managed by group ANT of the CETE of the West (Ministry for the Equipment), proposes teaching cards and guides on various dimensions of numerical installation: technical sides of high banc, legal questions related to the installation of electronic communication networks, play of the actors of installation and the télécoms, stakes of the TIC for the territories, etc Workshop ANT also proposes spaces of discussion and groupware around numerical installation.
To include/understand the evolution of the high speed networks and the action of the public actors This document aims to give to the reader an overall picture of the various fields which touch with the " high débit" , the first of which concepts allowing him to include/understand the main part of the technical, economic and legal rules which govern the numerical installation of the territories.

Actors of numerical installation

Actions of the State as regards numerical installation Summary of the measurements taken by the State as regards numerical installation, since 1997
numerical TIC/Aménagement Heading on the site of the DIACT
ARCEP Site of the regulatory agency of the electronic communications and the stations
AVICCA Association of the Cities and Communities for the Electronic communications and Audio-visual the
numerical Network of installation of the territories open and collaboratif Network, associating public, deprived actors and civil society, to approach the stakes of the high-flow, as well on the aspects of the installation of the infrastructure as on the uses, and their effects on the evolution company, its changes, its competitiveness.

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