The Nomenklatura ( номенклату́ра ) is a Russian term to indicate the elite Communist party of the Soviet Union.

The term pejoratively indicated the whole of privileged (mainly the notable ones of the PCUS and their families) which diverted and monopolized with their profit the advantages of the Soviet company.

The concept of Nomenklatura was made famous for Michael Voslensky which denounced it in its work Nomenklatura: privileged people in the USSR (Belfond, 1980). One however finds of them the first certificates literary in the Master and Marguerite of Mikhaïl Boulgakov which describes the Muscovite life at the end of NEP.

Today still, the term is always used, out of its historical context, to indicate, in a pejorative way, the elite and the privileges which are associated for him, or groups it which exerts by the means of the State an exorbitant power in a commercial field without personal liabilities.