Noironte

Noironte is a common French, located in the department of the Doubs and the area Franche-Comté. Its inhabitants is called the Nirontais .

Etymology

With the wire of the centuries, the name of the commune to known of many transformations: Nerontio (1073), Nigronte (1108), Nigrunta (1139), Noironte (1287), Noyronte (1344), Noirontes (1629). The etymology of the Noironte term would come from the brook which crosses the village, called the black wave .

Geography

Situation

The common of Noironte is located in Franche-Comté, in the north-western extremity of the department of the Doubs, with 11.5 kilometers as the crow flies in the west of Besancon (the course of Besancon towards Noironte is of 279°). The shortest distance by the road between the center of the village and the downtown area of Besancon (place of Eight-September) is of 14 km. It is in extreme cases of the low valley of the Ognon and the Jurassic zone of the Foothills. It belongs to the Canton of Audeux and the Communauté of agglomeration of Large Besancon.

Topography

The communal territory is relatively plane, the minimal altitude of 211 meters with being orée of the wood of Breuil and the maximum altitude, recorded with the dechetery, is of 268 meters.

Hydrography

The Village is crossed by the brook éponyme, the Noironte , which underwent a pilot operation in 1996 allowing the refitting of the bed and the banks and the improvement of the quality and the esthetics of the river. The commune is also equipped with a big number of pond S (up to 7 in 1582) which was worth with the inhabitants to be called Grenouillards . One currently counts 3 of them which is properties of the castle, of which oldest is with the locality Creux Foxes .

Environment

The village is surrounded by Forêt S which represents 216 hectares, that is to say 32% of the total surface area of the commune (672 hectares): the principal forests are the wood of Breuil and the wood of Fouchères in north and the wood of Audeux in the South.

Demography

With the last census of 1999, the commune counted 321 inhabitants. It should be noted that this population is exactly the same one as that recorded two centuries earlier at the time of the census of 1800. That thus indicates relative stability of the population of the village over the duration, the maximum population having been recorded in 1806 with 347 inhabitants and the minimum rose with 169 inhabitants in 1946. The average of the censuses gives an average population of 266 over the period 1793 - 1999.

In 1999, the population pyramid of Noironte was the following one:

History

The village of Noironte is quoted in a text of XIe century, concerning the Saint-Paul abbey of Besancon. The origin of the erection of the Seigneurie of Noironte is unknown. In 1287, Guillaume, lord of Apremont and Moncley, admit holding in stronghold a certain number of grounds of which that of Noironte. During all XVIe century, the seigniory of the known as place is between the hands of the family of Arguel. People of Noironte and Audeux recognize, in 1390, duty with Antoine d' Arguel, the taxable quotas of 5 bichots of oats, measurement of the castle of Noironte, to deliver with the front of their church, the day of the Saint Martin's day of winter, as well as the " chaucher" and the " rechaucher". In the event of nonexecution of these obligations, the lord can take the animals of his serf S, and make them sell.

During first half of XVIe century, the family of Thomaasin is lord of Noironte. In 1550, the inhabitants of the village give 98 francs for the pins of the first girl of this last. By the play of alliances, during second half of XVIe century, the seigniory passes successively between the hands of the families Fallerans de Plasne (1553) and Franchet (1581). Claude Franchet, of Pontarlier, rider, admits in 1582 holding his stronghold of Louis of the Tower, lord of Moncley. The new Master of Noironte has high, the average and low justice on his subjects. Those are held with the guet and the guard of the castle of Noironte. This seigniory includes/understands a certain number of patches of land, 7 ponds, a tilery, a mill and a wood banal. It is probably following the marriage (about 1634) between Claude Monnier, doctor are Droit, general lieutenant of the baillage of Upstream, and Anne Jacquinot, lady of Noironte, that the ground of the known as place is acquired with the Monnier family until 1740. On this date, Charles, marquis de Monnier (the seigniory of Noironte and other grounds were high with the marquisat in 1713), honorary president of the Room of the Accounts of Pares, sells its seigniory to Catherine Francoise Petitcuenot, widow of Claude Joseph Bullet, lord of Bougnon.Dans the interval, the ground of Noironte will be several times amodiée. With an unspecified date of the last quarter of the XVIIIe century, Noironte is yielded to a family member of Montrond. May 8th, 1786, Madam de Montrond, last lord of Noironte, a farming lease of 7.500 books with the Humbert brothers, of Recologne establishes, for the funds, right incomes, ground and seigniory of Noironte.

Under the Revolution, a large fraction of the population of the village, particularly attached to the traditional catholic worship, is hostile with the new mode. There exists however a group of republicans whose virulence of will more precisely make feel during the Revolution of 1848. One does not remain less patriotic about it in Noironte since one votes, in 1791,600 pounds intended for the volunteers of the village engaged to help " the fatherland in danger".

In October 1815, on several occasions, the commune undergoes the requisitions of the foreign troops. During the XIXe century, the concerns of the municipal council are directed towards the repair or the acquisition of public buildings. At the same time, a serious fire with due devastating part of the village, as still today the " testifies some; street of the farmhouses brûlés".

One does not know the effects of the war of 1870-1871 on Noironte. The village undoubtedly does not have escaped with the requisitions and damage undergone in its neighbors.

The First World War struck Noironte cruelly, costing him 15 dead. The second on the other hand, practically saved the village and its inhabitants (1 dead).

Administration

Teaching

Noironte belongs to the inter-commune teaching Regroupement (RPI) of Audeux - Chaucenne - Noironte in which it accommodates the cycle 3 of the elementary school (CE2, CM1, CM2). The pupils of nursery school go in Chaucenne and the pupils of cycle 2 in Audeux.

Economy

There remain nothing any more but two farmers on the commune of Noironte. For the remainder, the economic activity is dominated by the Fromagerie which employs a little more than 30 people, the remainder being represented by a carossery and a bar-restaurant.

Places and monuments

Castle

It is referred to this castle as of the 14th century. Having burned, it is completely rebuilt in 1786. One finds there also Colombier, gardens, course and orchard. Crossed the entry of the castle, there is, on the left, a house with dependences, allotted to the farmer of the lord.

Currently, the manor, maintained carefully, is drawn up in the middle of secular trees. This one and its dependences did not undergo modifications marked since the rebuilding of the 18th century. The castle is appeared as two large body of home laid out in L, and comprising each one a tower, square with north, round in the south. On the left gate, are held the old buildings of farm and the Pigeonnier. Only addition, vis-a-vis the round tower, a kind of house, which, at the beginning of this century was used as workshop of sculpture with the last but one owner of the castle, Mister de Chateaubrun.

Private property, the castle and its dependences are classified Historic buildings since 1992.

Church

The current church, built 1855 with 1880 under the control of the Besancon-native architect Martin Belliard, is a neo-gothic building of approximately 30 meters length on 15 meters of width builds at the entry is village. The Clocher is an arrow with truncated octagonal pyramid, surmounted by a lantern and a cross. Furniture is reduced, but quality: beautiful a Pulpit out of wood carved of the 18th century, a high column out of wooden, twisted and decorated with vine branches with the 17th century or 18th century century, and two confessionals out of wood.

Personalities related to the commune

Jules Roy Of LISA De Chateaubrun, born the June 16th 1840 with Besancon, was the count de Noironte, owner of the castle. Its descendant are Dadvisard, whose last having lived with the castle was the Count Henri Dadvisard de Talairan (born on August 30th, 1917 with Rochecorbon, dead the February 28th 2002) and married to Colette Roy of LISA de Chateaubrun the April 8th 1944 with Noironte.

See too

Common of Doubs

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