Nimes ( Nimes in Occitan Of Provence Rhone-native) is a city of the south-east of the France. It is the prefecture of the Département of Gard, located in the area Languedoc-Roussillon. Located on an axis Avignon/Arles/Marseilles - Montpellier/Perpignan, to approximately 715 km of Paris, Nimes has a permanent population of approximately: 145000 inhabitants, to which very many tourists in summer period are added. Its inhabitants are called Nîmois , Nîmoises . Its name derives from Latin Nemausus who became in occitan medieval Nimes or Nemze .

“Posed with the crossroads of the History and the human relations” (Christian Liger), the town of Nimes has an ancient origin . Roman and Hispanic, camarguaise and Cevennes, of Provence and Languedoc ienne, stronghold Protesting historical, it has a particularly rich culture and a history and remains a city with strong identity. The passion for the south-east of France and the arrival in 2001 of the Line at high speed the Mediterranean, putting Nimes at 2:52 of Paris in TGV, give a new dynamism to the commune and contribute for a good portion to its demographic and economic rise. Nimes was promoted Ville of Art and History.

Geography

Nimes is with, in the back-country the Mediterranean N. Maximum altitude on the hills north reaches 215 meters (116 Mr. in urban area) and minimal altitude is of 21 meters in the plain of the Vistre (30 Mr. in urban area). Nimes is located in a “basin” - from where important estival heats and frequent floods (most dramatic were those of October 3rd, 1988) - between seven hills (actually, only three large topographically). This characteristic, as well as a very marked Roman history, were worth the name of “French Rome to him”.

With 35 kilometers in the south, beyond the pad of the Twyers-side and littoral lagunaire the sea the Mediterranean is. With 20 kilometers in the east the Valley of the Rhone, in the west the Valley of Vistre. In north are the Garrigue and the Gorges of Gardon, to 40 km in the North-West the the Cevennes. Located in the plain of Languedoc and leant with the first buttresses of the Cevennes, Nimes is at the border of the Provence in the east and the Languedoc in the west. Nimes is, moreover, near to other big cities: Arles (27 km in south-east), Avignon (44 km in the North-East), Ales (46 km with the north-north-west), Montpellier (52 km in south-west), or Orange (65 km in the North-East), Sète (84 km, beyond Montpellier), Aix-en-Provence (95 km in south-east) and Marseilles (110 km in south-east). Nimes is the 28e city the most extended from Metropolitan France (161,85 km ²; Arles being 1st and Paris being only 50e).

Transportation routes

Already at the time Roman, Nemausus was a stage on the Via Domitia connecting Is of Provincia romana, the Provence of today, with the Septimanie, become then (for the greatest part) Languedoc.

Today, the town of Nimes remains an important crossroads, served by:

  • the highway A9 (“the Languedocien”) Orange - Perthus, main axis of connection between Northern Europe and the Spain via the valley of the Rhone
  • the highway A54 Living room-of-Provence - Nimes, bond between the highway A8 (Italy - Living room-of-Provence) and the highway axis Nimes - Bordeaux (A9 - A61 - A62)
  • the Trunk road 86 Lyon - Nimes by Right Bank of the Rhone
  • the Trunk road 113 Marseilles - Bordeaux
  • the Trunk road 106 Nimes - Ales - Mende
(some of these last are in the course of declassification within the framework of the process of Décentralisation of the last government)
  • the secondary road 999 (ex- national 99) Avignon - Albi by the Larzac
  • the railway line at Paris high speed - Nimes
  • the traditional railway line Tarascon - Narbonne, ensuring the connection of Lyon and Marseilles towards Perpignan and Bordeaux
  • the secondary line Nimes - Clermont-Ferrand by the Cevennes
  • the line of local interest Nimes - Acute-Dead - the Grau-of-King - Port the Camargue
  • connections air Nimes-London (Luton), Nimes-Liverpool, Nimes-East the Midlands, Nimes-Brussels (Charleroi)

Climate

The city gardoise profits from a climate privileged with a constant temperature all the year and an exceptional sunning. However the mistral tends to relativize the soft winters. The summer, its topographic position (with the hollow of the hills of garrigues) retains sometimes strong heats.

The sunning is of: 2670 heures/an (national average: 1973 h/an). The rainfall is of 760 mm/an (national average: 770 mm/an). Snow falls on average 3 jours/an (national average: 14 j/an); the storm on average 24 j/an (national average: 22 j/an) and fog on average 11 j/an (national average: 40 j/an)

The average temperature is of 6,5° in winter and 23,5° (one of highest of France) in summer with in day of the regular peaks to more 35°.

History

See also: History of Nimes

The town of Nimes was created at the sixth century before Jesus-Christ (however the prehistoric occupations dependant on the presence of the source of the Fountain are quite former) The city is resulting from the development of a Oppidum préromain, capital of the Volques, one of the large people of Celtic Mediterranean.

Its history particularly rich, old and is animated:

The city was one of the principal cities of the Roman Gaulle, strongly undergoes the devastations of the medieval wars, was an important theater of the wars of religion between Protestants (a long time majority) and Catholics involving destruction and chaos, was very influenced by the revolutionary ideas, knew the industrial revolution at the 19th century which enabled him to develop considerably (in particular the textile since the Middle Ages), severely was bombarded at the end the second world war and was a city of reception following the decolonization.

Currently, after one period of strong demographic deceleration since the years 1970, the tendency is with the rise with close to: 150000 inhabitants in 2007. An orientation towards biotechnologies and sciences give him a new breath and an unquestionable attractivity.

Heraldic

The seal of Nimes at the 13th century represented the four Consuls, Masters of the city. The armorial bearings of Nimes were, with the Moyen-âge “a simple field of mouths”. In 1516, François I {{er}} granted to the consuls the following armorial bearings: “of mouths, with a gold bull passing to dextral”. In 1535, the consuls obtained François I {{er}} to take for blazon of the community the badges of the medal of the Roman colony: “of mouths, with a sinople palm tree, to the trunk of which is attached, with a chain of gold, a busy crocodile, also of sinople, and a dependant gold crown of an of the same ribbon, posed with the first canton of the chief of the ecu. ” . Into heraldic, blasonnement is the following: of mouths to the palm tree embanked of sinople to the barrel of which is attached by a gold chain in band a crocodile passing also circumvented sinople, colleté of gold, overcome inscriptions COLLAR with dextral and NEM with sinistral of same, branches of the palm tree supporting with the dextral district a dependant laurel wreath of gold .

The emblem nîmois is thus a crocodile attached to a palm tree, strange relation between the East and this reformed city. The explanation is related to the Bataille of Actium, where Octave, not yet César Auguste, beat the fleet of Antoine and Cléopâtre, and definitively ensured its capacity on the Mediterranean basin and the Empire. However Nimes, or rather Nemausus, very quickly had the factory of an important currency (the As of Nimes) representing on the face the emperor Auguste and his/her son-in-law Agrippa, and on the reverse a crocodile attached to a crowned palm tree of bay-tree: symbol of the Egypt overcome and the two victorious war leaders. The reverse also carried the inscription “Collar Nem: Colonia Nemausenssis”, colony nîmoise.

There be three successive pullings of this currency, which was largely widespread in all the Empire. Then, why associate Nimes with this remote victory of Actium? For a long time, the explanation was that the emperor Auguste, to reward his faithful captains to have helped it to seize the power, had distributed the grounds nîmoises to them: Nimes would have been a territory devoted to the former legionaries of the Middle East, from where its richness and the opulence of its villas and its public places. Moreover, the concise inscriptions often refer to such soldiers. However, the contemporary archeologists often consider who Nimes would not have been that a factory of currency, without its population having direct links with the battles of Egypt.

Remain that the bronze part was well-known of Nîmois, which, with the wire of the centuries, found it a little everywhere in their ground. The weapons of Nimes, for a long time represented three consuls out of dress. Then it was a gold bull. It is the visit of François I {{er}} which started the process. The Consuls nîmois had the idea to ask for the authorization to him of take for emblem of their city the crocodile and the palm tree of the Roman currency. The king granted the official authorization in 1536.

Conceived in 1985, the current logo of the city kept the Roman symbolic system, while modernizing the more readable feature of manner. As for the flag nîmois, it is composed of two colors laid out side by side with the vertical: red and green

. More in the West: ZAC of the Jump-of-Hare (220 new residences. Work: mid- 2005 with mid- 2006.

  • AEF: Work of the first phase in progress. Estimated cost: 30 million euros HT.
  • Notch-Sernam: Work is in hand.
  • the triangle of the station: it relates to 5 hectares. It aims at establishing buildings intended to accommodate services, hotels, a palate of the congresses and residences.
  • the forum of the arenas: entrusted to the architect Jean-Paul Viguier, it intends to transform in-depth all the district located between the arenas and the Montcalm place, with the street of the Republic for central axis. Returned pedestrian, the artery could accommodate various trade and of the residences. Talks were engaged with Virgin. The mayor would also wish to see to settle a spangled and, if possible, panoramic restaurant.
  • low Way of Avignon. : 2000 residences, of which: 1500 to rebuild (device ANRU). Budget: approximately 55 million euros.
  • Farmhouse Lombard: 300 to 350 new residences.
  • Other real estate projects: farmhouse of Escattes (150 “villas”), wood of Espeisses and a hundred hectares in the North-West of the hospital pole.
  • the opening clerisseau since the boulevard gambetta towards the north of the city

Demography

Nimes is the twentieth town of France by its intramural population: : 143000 inhabitants. The the Community of agglomeration Nimes Metropolis (23 common) account: 236000 inhabitants, the population of the agglomeration will be of more than 300.000 inhabitants in 2030.

; Evolution of the population,

  • Variation of population between 1990 and 1999: +: 4935 inhabitants

  • natural Balance between 1990 and 1999: +: 4365 inhabitants

  • Migratory balance between 1990 and 1999: + 588 inhabitants

  • average annual Rate of variation of the population between 1990 and 1999: + 0,4%

  • Surface: 161,85 km ²

  • Density: 824 hab/km²

  • Population in Z.U.S.: : 24892 inhabitants

Economy

Nimes is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Nimes-Bagnols-Uzès it Vigan. It manages in particular the Ardoise port.

Economic situation

Employment:

The unemployment rate of the town of Nimes is particularly high since being at the neighborhoods of 14% (2006), that is to say above the departmental unemployment rate which are of 13,5%, and above national unemployment rate (9,6%).

Active population of the east city of approximately: 67000 (42,5%, national average: 45,5%) people of which close to: 10000 unemployed.

The activity ratio between 20 and 59 years is changed to 78% whereas the national average amounts to 82,5%.

The pensioners represents nearly 19% of the population, that is to say a little more than the national average: 18,5%.

The provided education for young people account for 25,5% of the population, that is to say a half not moreover than the national average (25%) and the other people without activity form 13,5% of the population (national average: 11,5%).

The farmers accounts for only 0,5% of the active population (national average: 2,4%), craftsmen, tradesmen, heads of undertaking 6,6% (national average: 6,4%), executives and intellectual professions 12,5% (national average: 12,2%), the intermediate occupations 22,4% (national average: 22,1%), the employees 36,4% (national average: 29,9%) and the workmen 21,6% (national average: 27,1%).

Incomes :

Average revenue by household: approximately: 16500 €/an. At the national level, this average revenue is of approximately: 21000 €/an.

Many debtors of wealth taxes (I.S.F): 680, is 0,45% of the total population.

Average tax on fortune: : 5590 € (national average: : 5685 €).

Average inheritance of the debtors of the STF: : 1482000 € (national average: : 1495000 €).

Many recipients of the Minimum wages of insertion (RMI): : 20995, is 14% of the total population (against 4% at the regional level and 2% at the national level).

Economic situation

Undoubtedly doped by the success of its pole of biotechnologies (one of the first of France), renovated by the creation of an autonomous university center (undoubtedly the last which will be creates in France in order to avoid the crumbling of the university offer and its financing), and supported by the community of agglomeration, Nimes intends to post a new face and dynamics since the year 2000.

High technology

Through urban reconfiguration (see higher) and by the improvement of the framework of life, the City seeks to attract contractors, and in particular those of the sector of high technology. With, to date, a score of specialized companies in biotechnologies and 450 direct uses created, Nimes took a turn rather unexpected high-tech indeed right now.

Additional means thus were recently deployed: new incubator with the faculty of the Carmelite friars, installation on the technopolis of a cyclotron manufacturing fluorine 18 able to detect the cancerous tumors, creation of other dies specialized at the university and the School of the mines.

The agglomeration for its part decided to double the surface of the technological park Georges-Besse (+ 25 hectares), where these companies are located, to extend it beyond the highway within fifteen years. Objective: to double, from here two to three years, the number of companies dedicated to the biotechs.

Argument of the land one

Except its geographical location which can seem more enviable (with the crossroads of the highways and railway network, in the center of the Mediterranean arc in the south of the valley of the the Rhone), Nimes seems to lay out, of an additional argument to attract new establishments on widened zones of activity (Grézan, Bouillargues and Mitra, in particular). Field more coveted: the agroalimentary one, which counts for 25 to 30% of the local economy.

Possibilities offered by the community of agglomeration

Creation in December 2001 of the community of agglomeration “Nimes Metropolis”, its widening (from 14 to 23 communes today) offer great possibilities of development. For some, Nimes has thus a great potential to put forward, between Montpellier and Marseilles. That makes it possible the town of be placed well on the economic plan and to obtain a better town and country planning.

The new structure also makes it possible to reduce the taxation of the companies nîmoises. Priority is also given to tourism of businesses. A palate of the congresses should see the day for 2007 in the sector of the station. The town hall hopes to see to settle there new hotels 3 and 4 stars.

Tourism

Even effort for tourism of leisures. The City considers that it is necessary to revalorize its inheritance, which with the eyes of all, is exceptional.

It is on the label of the Provence, if expensive with the Anglo-Saxons, that Nimes put in particular. A way like another of dissociating image too not very paying Languedoc-Roussillon.

Historically and culturally, the Gard is a department with share, between Languedoc and Provence, between the Cevennes and the Camargue, with a spirit of resistance (due to the culture Protestante) very extremely. Nimes is indeed the place of all these meetings.

While misant on the revival of the arenas and Feria, the City wishes to found a “step monuments” commun run with Arles and Avignon, two cities having also an important inheritance and being located very near.

Precariousness

As at the national level, the very significant number here of recipients of RMI appreciably increases since 2002.

Administration

Mayors of Nimes of after war (second world war) to today (for the exhaustive list of the Mayors of 1790 with 1945, to see low):

Nimes is divided into seven cantons. Six of them have Nimes for chief town and are made of part of the commune:

Nimes is the seat of the Court of Appeal of the Gard, of the Ardèche, the Vaucluse and the Lozere.

Nimes is also the seat of the Administrative court of the Gard, the Vaucluse and the Lozere.

Gastronomy

There exists for certain local products the Appellation of controlled origin “of Nimes”.

; The brandade of Nimes: dish typically nîmois, the Brandade of cod is announced as of 1786. This mets acquired its title of nobility in 1830, thanks to the famous cook Durand. The brandade of Nimes is made of cod freed of salt that one goes up with olive oil and a little milk. Been useful preferably hot, the brandade is also eaten into laminated. ; The olive and olive oil of Nimes: the olive of Nimes is an pickled olive. Its abundant, firm and soft flesh is crunched green. Its oil with the very fruity taste comes from fruits collected walls in December and January. ; The Tapenade: it is a black or green olive paste which one crushes with anchovies, grasses of Provence and olive oil. It is tasted cold, pasted on toast. ; The lamb of Nimes: the lamb of Nimes is high under the mother. Its age should not exceed three months. Thus, its very white meat remains particularly goûteuse and appreciated gourmets. ; The Crunching Villaret: its secret receipt held by the Villaret family and her successors did not change since 1775. It is a cookie thin and gilded makes containing flour, of sugar, water, flower of orange tree, extract of lemon and almonds, and particularly hard. ; The small pie nîmois: it is a fair crust, small round box which hides under its lid a famous pie. One finds it with the markets of Nimes, in some pork-butcheries and pastry makings and one tastes it hot. ; The strawberry of Nimes: available as of on March 15th, the “strawberry of Nimes” is the first spring strawberry of France. Of lengthened and elegant form, the two varieties “Gariguette” (which is not strictly a speciality nîmoise) and “Ciflorette” early, are cultivated in open ground, and particularly scented. ; Twyers-side of Nimes and Slopes of Languedoc: the vineyard of the Costières of Nimes extends to the south from the City on: 12000 hectares. That of the Slopes of Languedoc extends more to the west of the city. Rosy or white red, the quality of these wines AOC did not cease improving these twenty last years, allowing certain Twyers-side of Nimes and Coteaux of Languedoc to appear among the best French wines. The wines of Nimes, more particularly of Langlade (village in edge of Nimes), are rented by provençaux songs. ; The zarzuela: Spanish speciality adapted to Nimes, the zarzuela is a kind of Spanish ragout imported by the Iberian immigrants come to settle in mass in the city, fleeing Francoism or misery. The Spanish colony is important in Nimes and brought with it many traditions and habits adopted and adapted by a city which the traditions taurines bring closer to what comes from the peninsula. ; The gardianne of Bull: in the Camargue, the meat of bull, vigorous meat, is tasted in “gardianne”, i.e., marinaded in wine. It can be also tasted in grill, in particular at the time of the pastoral ferrades and festivals in the Camargue. ; The minerve: this speciality is not strictly of Nimes but rather south (Gard and Herault primarily). It is a cake which would have been born at the time of the Epiphany. The cakes of the unsold kings by the bakers would have been cut out slices some and covered with a sweetened crust thus giving the minerve. ; The auricle: famous fritter gardois, the auricle remains a very artisanal manufacture. Its form evokes for some the house of an ear. This fritter is traditionally prepared in the families and soup for all the period of the carnival. ; Fougasse of Acute-Dead: fougasse medieval city of Acute-Dead, not far from Nimes and which one can also find in this city. A brioche frozen with sugar and lifting with the flower of orange tree. The receipt remains secret because this fougasse is single in the area. Many bakeries prepare some in the Gard. ; The rust of Acute-Dead: rust same city gardoise with octopus, potato and garlic mayonnaise, and which one also finds in the restaurants nîmois. ; The asparagus of sands: it is produced in Petite Camargue, in the valley of the Rhone and the plain of Beaucaire, close to Nimes.

Districts (nonexhaustive list)

Like all the cities, Nimes is declined in its districts, true reference marks geographical, economic, sociological and policies with the unquestionable influence via the District committees, which count 50 of them to date, gathered in active Union succeeding in the feat of ingenuity apparently to join together fashionable districts and popular under the same banner.

Here an enumeration of the most known districts of the city:

  • in love ones: Located at the south of the viaduct the SNCF, this district is composed of many houses and villas. Name was disputed at last century, one renamed even the street of In love, street Holy-Happiness.
  • Camplanier: In the North-West of the city, the term is very old and means flat field.
  • Castanet: This district located towards the road of Saves in the west of Nimes, bears the name of the owner of a very attended guinguette at the beginning of the century.
  • Courbessac: At the end is city, the district is marked by the air base 726 replaced since September 1st, 1998 by the National school of Police force. The Courbessac term is very old. Close to the road of Avignon in edge of the airfield, a forgotten menhir is drawn up in a waste ground.
  • the Small square: Historically, popular quarters Protesting, the “Small square” are the district today where live sedentary Gipsies, tradesmen, bowls players. A village in the middle of Nimes.
  • water Pulp: Located on the road of Ales, this district bears the name of famous soup of Provence made garlic and of olive oil. A farmhouse is at the origin of the name. It is towards this district that the Protestants met in the time of the deserted . They had many hiding-places during the ages; the cave of the Fairies, careers of Barutel then of Lecques, the Hollow of the Parliament, etc
  • the Old man Nimes (the escutcheon): historical downtown area, where splendid medieval residences and private mansions are of, and 19th century. It is framed by the boulevards Victor Hugo, Alphonse Daudet, Gambetta, Admiral Courbet, of Prague, of Brussels.
  • Grézan: This district located at the south-east of Nimes close to the road of Beaucaire, bears the name of an old farm. The term comes from the sandy nature of the ground. It is here that a splendid inscribed menhir exposed now to the archaeological museum was found.
  • the Littré Small island: The recent restoration of this district of the escutcheon, inhabited by craftsmen dyers starting from the Middle Ages is a success. Wrought iron, coloured frontages, patios and terraces patinated it charm of a village of Provence.
  • Farmhouse of Mingue: Before Courbessac towards the east, the district bears the name of the one of the farmhouses located formerly at the periphery of Nimes. The sanctuary Our-Lady-of-Santa-Cruz attracts a great number of Pied-noir at the time of the pilgrimage, the Ascension Day. The district knows a strong unemployment rate (approximately 25%). Currently, the residents reproach largely the municipality of “abondonner the district”.
  • Montaury: It is one of the seven hills nîmoises, it culminates with 105 meters. Name would come from the gilded color which it formerly took with the rising sun.
  • the Planet: It is the northern district of Nimes. The name comes from the topography of the places; a vast flat ground (planet).
  • Pissevin: The term comes from the vine growing. A pissevin is a longer cut vine shoot. It is in particular here that was built ZUP (urban development zone), built by the architect Xavier Arsene-Henry, characterized by concrete turns difficult to live for approximately: 9600 inhabitants (unemployment rate is there of 20%).
  • Prefecture: At the 19th century, as soon as the decision to make pass the line to the south of the city was known, a civil engineer, Didion, was charged to draw a new district between the station, of which it determined the site, and the old city. The constructive standards were strict for the private mansions and buildings (minimal height, grid in ironwork, etc) in order to affirm the elegance of the district. The will to build the hotel of the prefecture on the central avenue of the district (Feuchères avenue) devoted the prestigious and residential character district. Today still, this district is one of most prestigious of Nimes.
  • Puech of Teil: This top culminating with 98 meters is located at the west of the city between the avenue Jean-Jaurès and ZUP Teil it is the lime. A splendid source, blottie at the bottom of a cave, was refitted in 1995.
  • Quays of the Fountain: Prestigious district located between the downtown area and the Gardens of the Fountain (one of the most beautiful French public parks) and skirting the channel of the Fountain of the Antonin Public garden at the Protestant Private hospital.
  • District of Spain: Located on the road of Ales, this district bears the name of a fountain. They is low there which the career of Lecques was in which the Protestants celebrated the worship at the time of the Désert.
  • Saint-Césaire: This village attached to Nimes, forms the western end of the city. The hamlet is partially occulted by the industrial parks and the market.
  • Greenhouse Paradise: This little place of paradise culminates with 106 meters. Perhaps the origin of the term comes from the quality of the life on this hill.
  • Valdegour: This small valley characterized by gours saw emerging the towers of ZUP, built by the architect Xavier Arsene-Henry. Today, there does not exist any more gours, these holes of water of the torrent in which it was to be good to bathe. There remains the Gardon but he is unfortunately well far from these vertical masses where the life is difficult for approximately: 6000 inhabitants (unemployment rate is there of 37%).

The seven hills of Nimes are the following ones: Puech of Teil, Montaury, Duplan Mount, Riding Mount, Canteduc, the Cross of Iron, Margarot Mount.

Tourist monuments and places (nonexhaustive list)

Nimes is classified town of art and history.

Known under the name of Colonia Nemausa at the time Roman, Nimes has many Roman monuments: doors, temples - as “Maison Carrée celebrates it” -, Amphithéâtre, turns and ramparts. The aqueduct of the Pont of Gard was built at the first century of the Christian era to feed the city out of water since a source close to Uzès. The city also has religious buildings, private mansions, prestigious places and museums.

the Roman amphitheater: “Arenas”

Built at the end of the first century after J-C, the amphitheater of Nimes, one of preserved best at the world, are 133 meters long and 101 meters broad. The frontage, high, 21 meters is made up of two levels of 60 arcades each one. Inside, close to: 25000 spectators could attend the combat of animals and of Gladiateur S. Aujourd'hui, the arenas, place of prestige, transform themselves regularly into a big room of spectacle where national and international artists come to occur. They constitute in the same way the heart of the ferias of Nimes, where bullfights join together thousands of spectators come from the whole world.

A legend affirms that a tunnel would connect the Arènes of Nimes to those of Arles (to 25 km). This tunnel would cross the the Rhone thus. Actually, of many tunnels exist under the arenas, corresponding to a very sophisticated system of Roman sewers.

the Maison Carrée

Built with after J. - C., this Roman, exceptional temple by its state of conservation, dominated the forum of the ancient city. Dedicated to Caius and Lucius César, grandsons and adoptive wire of the emperor Auguste, the Maison Carrée is the only temple of the entirely preserved ancient world (its frontages are in the course of restoration). The Maison Carrée is surrounded by a colonnade, is raised on a podium and is marked in its classical architecture by a Greek influence. It belonged formerly to an important real unit.

the Square of Art

Vis-a-vis Maison Carrée, instead of the old theater destroyed by the flames in 1952, the Square of Art conceived by the architect Lord Foster is. the Carré of Art gathers the classified Public library, preserving an old rich person funds and proposing all the services of a modern media library, as well as the museum of contemporary art, supplemented by a audiothèque and a small media library. The collection of the museum includes/understands nearly 370 works and offers a panorama of the contemporary creation of the years 1960 to our days.

Gardens of the Fountain

Arranged at the 18th century, the Gardens of the Fountain constitute one of the first public gardens of Europe. Respecting the plan of the ancient sanctuary around the founder source of the city (Nemausus), J-pH. Mareschal and Gabriel Dardailhon drew (under the influence of Ours) a garden with the Frenchwoman where many Mediterranean plant species are currently gathered. In its low part, draws up the Temple of Diane. Certainly associated with the imperial sanctuary, its exact function remains partially unknown.

the tower Magne

The Tour Magne dominates the gardens of the Fountain over the Cavalier mount. Octagonal, highest and most prestigious of the turns of the Roman enclosure Augustéenne was composed of three levels above a Soubassement. Today, the last stage disappeared and it rises with 32 meters above its bosky bower. Per good weather, it constitutes a point of view making it possible to see the Mont Ventoux, the Alpilles, the the Cevennes, the Mont Aigoual, the Pic Saint-Wolf and the plain of Vistre, without forgetting the neighbouring Garrigue.

Castellum divisorium

Located in the district of boulevard GAMBETTA, with the foot of old Strong Vauban, become university, this arriving basin of water supply of Uzès via the Pont of Gard is single. Of this circular basin (5,90 meters diameter - 1,40 meter of depth) cut in the rock, of the lead drains forwarded water to the monuments, the fountains and the various districts of the ancient city.

the door of Auguste

Also said “carries Arles”, the Porte Auguste is a Roman door of the city, on the Voie Domitienne which was one of its principal doors and belonged to the ramparts. Its military terminal was the starting point of the Via Domitia of Nimes with Beaucaire.

the Cathedral Our-Lady-and-Saint-Beaver of Nimes

Flanked Romance building of a massive tower having undergoes the attacks of the wars of religion, the interior was entirely altered at the 19th century. One will however notice the vault of the Rosary, very baroque good example of, a sarcophagus paléochrétien and the plank of the large pediment of the exterior facade, masterpiece of sculptute of the Romanesque art

the Museum of the Art schools

Built in 1907 in the fields of the architect nîmois Maximilien Raphel, it was refitted in 1986-1987 by the architect Jean-Michel Wilmotte. The museum shelters, in addition to many French paintings, Flemish and Dutch, Italian works of the 16th century and 17th centuries, and a collection of French paintings of the 18th century and 19th centuries.

the museum of the Old man Nimes

It is installed in the old episcopal palate which completion date of the 17th century. The collections present the life to Nimes since the end of the Middle Ages.

the museum of the Cultures taurines

Inaugurated in May 2002 in the old building of the Municipal credit (in the past “the Mount of Piety”), this place unique in France makes it possible to discover an alive culture which perdure since Antiquity around the worship of the Taureau and offers a true panel of the regional traditions (very present) and international.

the archaeological Museum

Installed in the old college of the Jesuit S (17th), it presents collections of the age of iron to the Gallo-Roman time: sigillées ceramics, crockery in Bronze, ornaments, objects artisanal, collections of Latin inscriptions and glassmakings Roman.

the natural history museum of natural history

Also installed in the enclosure of the college of the Jesuits, this museum was arranged in 1892. It shelters very rich collections coming under the fields of sciences of nature, and the social sciences (it is classified with the seventh national rank for the richness of his collections).

the vault of the Jesuits

Dating from the 17th century and classified under the historic buildings, it accommodates today temporary exhibitions and cultural events.

the fountain of Pradier and the Esplanade.

Monumental fountain (1851) in the center of the Esplanade works of the sculptor J. Pradier. The female figure represents the town of Nimes crowned of the arenas and the colonnades of Maison Carrée, the law courts and the old theater. It is surrounded allegorical characters symbolizing the Gardon, the the Rhone, the fountain of the Eure and the fountain of Nimes. The esplanade is dominated in the east by the high arrow of the Sainte church Perpetuates, in western north by the law courts with its colonnade then, behind, by the imposing arenas. On the south, the departure of the very broad Feuchères avenue towards the large station (1842-1844) confers on the site a monumental aspect.

the place of Assas

Place du center town with an important fountain. She was imagined by the artist Martial Raysse.

the place of the Market

Place au masterly palm tree, animated by the fountain with the crocodile, created by the artists Martial Raysse, Silvio and Vito Tongiani. The crocodile which refreshes itself in the water of the marble basin and the palm tree point out the armorial bearings of the city. It is about the only place of Nimes where figure a plate of name written in occitan ( Plan dau mercat )

the door of France

Said carries Spain, it counts only one arcade in semicircular arch surmounted by a blind gallery decorated with pilasters Tuscan. During Antiquity, it was flanked of two semicircular turns. Visible by far, it announced the presence of the City and the imperial sanctuary located at the foot of the hill around the Source.

the avenue Carnot

Philippe Starck arranged there in 1987 a bus shelter, monumental green marble cube, with the top of which the emblematic figure of the crocodile is found.

notorious Private mansions

  • Hotel of the Balsam

  • Hotel of the Academy
  • Hotel Boudon
  • Hotel Colomb de Daunant, in the past Foulc Hotel and its wintergarden, going back to 1855, refitted according to a plan inspired of Edouard Andre, then transformed into true greenhouse by construction, about 1907, of a double canopy.
  • Hotel Fontfroide
  • Hotel Meynier de Salinelles
  • Hotel Novy de Caveirac, known as Front-end loader
  • Hotel Rivet
  • Hotel Governed
  • Hotel of Bernis
  • Hotel of Rozel

notorious Religious buildings

  • the Small Temple

  • the Large Temple
  • the Oratory
  • the cathedral Saint Beaver
  • the Holy Vault Eugenie
  • the church Saint-Paul
  • the church Saint Charles
  • the Sainte church Perpetuates
  • the church Saint Baudile
  • the Synagog

Cultural and festive events

The city, for a few years, has undertaken the creation of new animations and festivities. Indeed, Nimes has for a long time the nickname of “beautiful deadened”. However, it is manifest that the funds allocated with associations, formerly very important for a town of this size, are since 2002 in strong fall.

  • the city is known for its Feria (which exists officially since 1952):

    • the feria of Pentecost, known as Feria of Nimes , of the Tuesday to Monday which follows (at the end of May - June)
    • the feria of the Grape harvest in September (second weekend, three days)
    • the feria of Primavera, in February (two days). This one does not exist today any more because a fabric called “the bubble” by the nîmois recovered the arenas and thus protected the spectacles from the winter, this cover is not installed more from where the suppression of the feria of will primavera.

On this occasion, Corrida S, which are practiced officially in Nimes since 1853 (there were bullfights since good longer) are organized, with or without settings with death, in the Roman arenas. The streets are invaded by peñas (orchestras of street of Spanish origin), and bodegas (often temporary bars) open in the center town in cellars or outsides.

The feria of Pentecost constitutes the first popular holiday of Europe (in term of frequentation: between: 700000 and: 1200000 people) over three days.

annual Diary of the principal cultural and festive events:

  • Festival of the biography: each year in January.

  • European Tournament of shooting to the arc: each year at the end of January.

  • Tests of the World cup of fencing: each year.

  • Various national or international sporting tests: each year in February.

  • Festival of the psychological authors: each year in March.

  • European Living room of the data base: each year in May.

  • Mediterranean days of the olive-tree in May (dates and the program here)

  • days of the environment and sustainable development: each year in May.

  • the Time of the Gardens: cultural and musical festival each year in June.

  • Living room of the book of artist: each year in June.

  • Thursdays of Nimes: all the summer of each year, markets open in the open air during the evening.

  • the University Occitane d' Eté: each year in July, associations M.A.R.P.OC. (House for Animation and Popular Research OCcitane) and I.E.O. 30 (Institute of Estudis Occitans) organize one week of conferences, conferences and spectacles whose central theme is Occitanie.

  • Festival of Nimes: festival of music where many groups and artists of international scale find themselves, in July of each year.

  • Festival Flamenco: each year.

  • the annual exposure of the archaeological museum of Nimes.

  • ARTéNIM : Fair of Contemporary art, each year at the end of September.

  • Nimagine : living room of the craft industry, during eight days mid-November of each year.

  • Living room of the Antique dealers: first fortnight of December, each year.

  • Theater: rich person programming throughout the year.

  • the Square of Art: museum of contemporary art having one of the most important collections of France.

  • many other specific demonstrations and festivals, to get information near the tourist office

Culture and Leisures

This list tends to enumerate the frequently visited, important cultural places and/or having a certain influence on the residents and/or the “elites” of the city:

Learned societies, cultural, religious

  • Academy of Nimes (learned society): one of oldest of France. Officially recognized by Louis XIV, the royal Academy of Nimes was seen conferring, by letters patent of August 1682 “the honors, privileges, faculties, franknesses and freedoms” which since 1635 enjoyed the French Academy. Faithful to its traditions, she works with the enrichment of the cultural heritage, room (Nimes, Gard), regional (Languedoc - Provence) and national. Without never forgetting the currency entered with the pediment of its hotel of the 16 of the Gilded street: QUID NIMIS (Nothing too).

  • House of the Protestantism: Center meetings, of reception and exchanges, the House of Protestantism wants to be the window nîmoise Réformés and of their history, very related to the city. Located at two steps of the Maison Carrée and the Square of Art, it has vocation to receive the visitors by organizing Protestant tourist tours. Some windows give an outline of the collections of the reformed inheritance, which lack a permanent space of exposure to the Museum of Old man-Nimes. The House of the Protestantism (which is not a temple) is according to its persons in charge, a “experiment of mediation between a religious confession and its urban environment”. On a department scale, it sets up routes: “On the traces of the Huguenots, the the Cevennes to the the Mediterranean”.

Libraries and media libraries

  • Library Jean-Paulhan * Public library of the Square of Art * Media library Marc Bernard

Museums

  • Museum of Nimes of natural history: collections concerned with all the fields of sciences of the nature and certain sectors of the social sciences * Archaeological museum: One of most important of France with a very rich ancient collection * Museum of Contemporary art of the Square of Art: panorama of the creation of the years 1960 at our days * Museum of the Art schools: remarkable collection of French paintings (), Flemish and Dutch, Italian works of * Museum of the cultures taurines: collections around the “worship” of the bull. In Nimes, the culture taurine and more specifically the Bullfighting, are extremely marked. One can note the seniority of this rite by observing the Roman amphitheater attentively: two fore-parts of bulls, emerging from a frontispiece, point out the universe of the plays taurins of the time. Their presence would be explained by the taste of the emperor Auguste for this animal, because its ancestors came from the city which honoured it, Thurium. Today, if the bullfight is the spectacle more snuffed arenas and most present, it is the different one very appreciated: in addition to certain combat without “setting with death”, the races with the rosette, or races camarguaises, are a great success. This play joins together in the arena bull or young cow on the one hand, and razetteurs on the other hand; it is a question for the latter of taking down, using a comb, the rosette fixed between the cords of the animal. This play requires much flexibility and promptness for the razetteurs who must avoid the loads and the horns of the adversary while jumping on the barricades which surround the track. * Museum of the Nimes Old man: present the life of Nimes since the end of the Middle Ages * Museum of the Antiques: inside the Maison Carrée, Gallo-Roman archeology
  • Museum of the Railroad: exposure, electric engine, documentation

Galleries, showrooms

  • Vault of the Jesuits: temporary exhibitions * Gallery 4: art gallery

  • Gallery Anne Paulin: Art gallery
  • Gallery Jules Rooms: Art gallery
  • Gallery of the Arenas: Art gallery

Theaters and theaters

  • Theater ATP

  • Opera Calade * Mobile theater Man
  • Theater Smoothie
  • Theater the Reinforcement
  • Theater Télémac
  • Theater of Odéon
  • Theater of the Periscope
  • Odéon: theater
  • Comédia 7: theater

Cinemas

  • Cinéma complexes Forum

  • Cinéma of Art and of Test the Semaphore
  • Cinéma multiplexes Forum Kinépolis

Others

  • Arts center and sportsman Pablo Neruda

  • Planetarium of the Duplan Mount: reproduction and simulation of astronomical phenomena * Exhibition center

Nimes in the literature

  • the Charroi of Nimes (chanson de geste)
  • With Make of Nimes (song of Provence)

Markets

The markets of Nimes take part incontestably in the animation of the city. Place of life, meeting place, place of exchange, the market is regarded here as being essential to the social cohesion and the economic development of the districts.

Thus, each day a market is installed in a district different from the city. Market with topic (flowers, chips, arts…) or quite simply gone to benefit from the products from season.

The main market, that of the Nimes old man, remains that of the Markets. Opened 7 days a week and 364 days per annum, its stalls expose indeed best the produced regional ones.

Here thus a list of these significant markets:

  • Markets of Nimes: Food market cover (fish, poultry, cheese, olives, pork-butchery, fruit and vegetables, bread…) with many specialities nîmoises and of Provence, undoubtedly one of best gone of all the south of France

  • Stage of the Twyers-side: Articles of market, clothing, candies, textiles, flowers; nursery gardeners, arboriculture; Flea market and with the vehicles of occasion
  • Southern Jean-Jaurès Boulevard: Secondhand trade, expo-sale farm equipment, leisures, installations of the house; agricultural producers.
  • Low Way of Avignon: producers agricultural, articles of market, demonstration, false
  • Place Pierre de Fermat: all trade
  • Debussy: all trade
  • Farmhouse of Mingue - Jean Paulhan: all trade
  • Place of the Claw - Saint-Cézaire: food (shells, fish, poultry, cheese, oil, olives, fruits dry, wines, pork-butchery, fruit and vegetables, honey, bread)
  • Esplanade: books and discs
  • Gambetta Boulevard: market of creation, Craft industry of Article

Sport

Infrastructures

Nimes built rather important infrastructures. Here is the list:

  • 32 complexes, stages or gymnasia

  • 3 general sports and specialized rooms (of which a bowling pitch covered ultra modern)
  • 5 covered swimming pools (of which the last, inaugurated in 2007 " olympique" )
  • 1 hippodrome (Hippodrome of Courbiers)
  • 1 road racing set (Circuit of Lédenon)
  • 1 aerodrome (aerodrome of Courbessac)

Principal clubs (nonexhaustive list)

There exist very many sporting clubs, below are enumerated those having the most members (or of supporters) in each discipline and being rather present on the local scene:

  • USAM (handball) See the nonofficial site of the USAM several times champions of France

  • Nimes Olympique (football)
  • Handball Rings Nimes * RCN (Rugby Club of Nimes) * Arc Club of Nimes * General sports Sun of Nimes (university Club of sports) * Company of fencing of the Stage of the Twyers-side * Rhythmic Club of Nimes (Gymnastic) * School taurine of Nimes
  • JSCBA (Tennis shoe)
  • French federation of game of bowls and play of Provence
  • Tournaments of Gard
  • French federation of races camarguaises
  • FFJDA (Judo)
  • Center Nîmois Karate * Club nîmois of water polo
  • Club nîmois of bowling
  • basic Team Ball of Nimes
  • Club of rollers of Nimes
  • Nautic Club Nîmois (Swimming)
  • CPAL (Parachuting)
  • ASN (Club of speleology)
  • 3 Golfs Clubs (Club of Nimes Countryside, Golf Club of Nimes Vacquerolles, League of Languedoc-Roussillon de Golf)
  • Federation Gardoise de Pêche
  • Ski Club of Nimes
  • Boxing Club Nîmois
  • Association of hunting
  • Aéro Club of Nimes Courbessac
  • Squash Club of the Arenas
  • 5 Tennis Clubs (Club Tops of Nimes, Club of the Farmhouse of Galoffre, Club of the Cicada, Club of the Low Rhone, Club of Ventabren)
  • Table tennis gardois
  • Friendly Nimes Volleyball Club
  • Club Turn Magno Gardiano, horsemanship
  • Club of Athletics of the CACG30
  • SN (Natural Sun Sport, canyoning)
  • Nîmois Club of Hockey
  • Nimes Metropolis Winter sports
  • Black Bunny Scuba Divine (Diving)
  • SPB (Snooker, Pool and Billiards)
  • Committee Secondary road of Hiking
  • Driving Sport Association (sport car)
  • Motor bike Club of the Twyers-side
  • Centurions Nimes (American football)
  • SNT (Company nîmoise of shooting)
  • It is it should be noted that Nimes is not member of the Union of the Cities Taurines Francaises.

Education

Nimes becomes a true university town around the sites of Vauban, of the Carmelite friars and of the new Hoche site, where: 10000 with: 12000 students are envisaged from here 2010.

Behind the development of consumer loyalty of the young people in Nimes, the acknowledged objective was there to obtain the creation of a true university of full exercise. What was obtained in 2006, for back to university 2007.

Higher education (nonexhaustive list)

Higher education in Nimes tends to develop quickly, following a strong political will and with an increasing demand on behalf of a local population which does not cease increasing. At present, the population coed of Nimes east of approximately: 8000 students, of which close to: 4000 with the University of Nimes

Public higher education

  • the University of Nimes, located on 3 poles:
    • Site Vauban ( Arts, Right, Economy, Letters, Social sciences, Psychology )
    • Site of the Carmelite friars ( Sciences )
    • scientific Park and technical Georges-Besse (with the CCI of Nimes)
  • UFR of Medicine of Montpellier, site of Nimes (University Montpellier 1)
  • Academic institute of technology ( Civil engineering, GEII, SGM, GMP, GEA ) (IUT) (University Montpellier 2)
  • School of nurses (CHU of Nimes)
  • School of midwives (University Montpellier 1)
  • Academic institute Training of Masters (IUFM)
  • Preparatory classes Scientific (Sup Maths, Spé Maths), Arts persons and Economic (College Alphonse Daudet)
  • School of Body of notaries
  • School of the Art schools
  • School of the Ale mines, Institute EERIE
  • National school of national music of music Nimes
  • National school of Police force
  • School of the territorial employees
  • BTS (in the majority of the public lycées of the city)
  • National center of arts and trades (CNAM Nimes)

Private college education

  • Airways Formation - School of formation of Airline pilot

  • Institute Vatel
  • LECI Nimes (professional baccalaureat, higher BTS and formations)
  • IFAG Nimes (National college of business)
  • IFSI Red Cross
  • BTS (Institute Emmanuel d' Alzon)
  • Management industrial QSE
  • IPESUD
  • Pigier (initial training/part-time course)
  • Soforma (BTS)
  • House of the Companions
  • School of the DNA
  • Formatic Health

Others

  • 42 public nursery schools
  • 43 public elementary schools
  • 12 private elementary schools
  • 12 public colleges
  • 6 public lycées (Ernest-Hemingway the ex-Camargue; Albert-Camus ex-Montaury; Philippe-Lamour; Alphonse-Daudet; Genevieve-Anthonioz-of-Gaulle (located at Milhaud); and Dhuoda: technological)
  • 5 private colleges and colleges (D' Alzon, St-Stanislas, St-Vincent-of-Paul, St-Jean-bastiste delassalle, of the CCI)
  • 4 public colleges of vocational training (Jules-Raimu, Gaston-Darboux, Frederic-Mistral, and Voltaire ex-l' spark)
  • 1 public agricultural college (Farmhouse Boulbon)

Principal personalities

Here a nonexhaustive list of the local personalities which were born in Nimes, or of origin nîmoise, or which played a big role within the commune.

None of these personalities is a simple personality “of passage” in the “Roman” city.

  • Domitius Afer (deceased in 60), speaker and Roman lawyer , born in Nemausus (Nimes)

  • Titus Aurelius Fulvius, paternal grandfather of the Roman Emperor Antonin the Piles. Nimes owes him its title of “City of Antonins”
  • Guy Foulques (13th century), born with Saint-Gilles, elected Pape under the name of Clément IV. Died in 1268
  • Jean Nicot, (1530 - 1600), diplomat, it was the first with really importing the tobacco into Europe, four years after the monk Angoumois Andre Thevet brought back for the first time some seeds of the tobacco, and to develop it, believing in the curative effect of the plant. The alcoïde Nicotine is drawn from its name
  • Jean Cavalier (1689 - 1740), born with Ribaute, most famous of the chiefs Camisard S.
  • Charles-Joseph Natoire (1700 - 1777), French painter which was in particular director of the Académie from France to Rome
  • Louis-Joseph de Montcalm (1712 - 1759), general, took an active part in the battles of North America
  • Paul Soleillet exploring famous, born in 1842
  • Louis-Nathaniel Rossel, born in 1844 with Saint-Brieuc resulting from a Protestant big family nîmoise and Saint-Jean-of-Gard, descendant of Camisards. Minister for the War of the Commune of Paris. Shot by “Of Versailles” the in November 1871

Other personalities (by category)

Here a nonexhaustive list of the local personalities which were born in Nimes or whose family is completely nîmoise or who played a big role within the commune.

None of these personalities is a simple personality “of passage” in the “Roman” city.

various Artists

Writers

  • Alexandre Vincens-Valz, scholar writer

Contractors

  • Family Andre, large banking silk and textile manufacturers then
  • Jean Bousquet, founder of the mark of clothing of ready-made clothes Cacharel, dressmaker
  • Family Colomb de Daunant, large industrialists of silk
  • Edmond Foulc, textile contractor, collector and patron
  • Louis Perrier, doctor nîmois, it is him which created the Company of Mineral Water, Boissons and Hygienic Products of Vergèze, future water of Perrier
  • Paulin Talabot, creator of company “PLM” (Company of the railroads the Paris-Lyon-Mediterranean)

Lawyers

Military

Musicians, singers

Painters

Political personalities

  • Emile Jourdan, deputy and mayor of Nimes
  • Jean Nicot, diplomat who imported the Tabac in France in 1560 and gave his name to the Nicotine
  • Elie Peyron (1857-1941), lawyer, cofounder of the Socialist Review, member of the academy of Nimes
  • Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Etienne, Pasteur appointed member of Constituent the
  • Louis-Nathaniel Rossel, deputy secretary with the war of the Commune of Paris
  • Simon Sutour, senator of the Gard
  • Edgar Tailhades, senator-mayor of Nimes
  • Paulin Talabot, president of the General advice of the Gard
  • Jean Valz, member of the Club of the Constitution, administrator of the city

Poets

Theologists and religious

Scientific and Philosophical

Sporting

Mayors of Nimes of 1790 to 1945

Source: municipal files of Nimes.

  • Jean-Antoine Teissier, baron de Marguerittes: February 3rd 1790

  • Murjas, Duroure, Ferrand de Missols, Perrin, presidents as of July 1790 of the municipal administration
  • Jean-Scipion Lagarde: April 2nd 1791
  • Etienne-David Meynier de Salinelles: January 6th 1793
  • Joseph-Antoine Courbis: September 7th, 1793
  • Leon Teissier, making function of mayor: September 15th 1794
  • Montaud, making function of mayor: October 24th, 1794
  • Pip, making function of mayor: November 21st, 1794
  • Archinard, making function of mayor: February 19th 1795
  • Alison: March 23rd, 1795
  • Vincent Valz, first municipal officer: May 14th, 1795
  • Vincent Valz: May 27th, 1795
  • Antoine Allut, president of the municipal administration: May 3rd 1796
  • Paris, president of the municipal administration: March 2nd 1798
  • Aurivel, president of the municipal administration: 1799
  • Blachier, president of the municipal administration: January 9th 1800
  • Dominique-Casimir Fornier de Valaurie: March 8th, 1800
  • Perrin de Vertz, assistant making function of mayor: September 1811
  • Scipion-Charles Barnabé Boileau de Castelnau: May 1812
  • Scipion-Charles Barnabé Boileau de Castelnau: May 25th 1813
  • Paul-Guillaume de Daunand: July 19th 1814
  • Louis-Marie-Casimir de Vallongue: July 1815
  • Charles of Boissière: December 1817
  • Augustin-Antoine Cavalier: March 15th 1819
  • Louis-Marie-Casimir de Vallongue: August 21st 1824
  • Eugene de Cabrières, assistant making function of mayor: April 1825
  • Marie-Joachim-Isidore de Chastellier: May 19th, 1825
  • Ferdinand Girard: January 19th 1832
  • Ferdinand Girard: February 12th 1835
  • Ferdinand Girard: February 21st 1838
  • Ferdinand Girard: October 1840
  • Ferdinand Girard: October 30th 1843
  • Ferdinand Girard: November 22nd 1846
  • Emile Causse, president of the municipal commission: February 26th 1848
  • Octavien Troupel, president of the municipal commission: April 8th, 1848
  • Frederic Fargeon, assistant making function of mayor: June 1848
  • Philippe Eyssette: August 23rd, 1848
  • Frederic Vidal, assistant making function of mayor: February 1851
  • Frederic Vidal: July 24th 1852
  • Jacques-Philippe Perugia: December 29th 1854
  • Jacques-Philippe Perugia: June 1855
  • Jean Duplan, assistant making function of mayor: August 21st 1856
  • Jean Duplan: August 12th 1857
  • Jean Duplan: July 14th 1860
  • Fortunate Paradan, assistant making function of mayor: January 1861
  • Fortunate Paradan: December 28th, 1861
  • Auguste Fabre: August 26th 1865
  • Gaston Balmelle, assistant making function of mayor: December 1867
  • Gaston Balmelle: February 20th 1869
  • Auguste Demians: September 6th 1870
  • Perrier, making function of mayor: January 24th 1871
  • Irenee Ginoux, assistant making function of mayor: March 1871
  • Hyacinthe Lamarque, idiots munic function of mayor: April 1871
  • Adolphe Blanchard: May 28th, 1871
  • Adolphe Blanchard: January 31st 1874
  • Adolphe Blanchard: January 28th 1878
  • Louis Monteils-Nougarède, first city council man, mayor: July 10th 1880
  • Ali Margarot, president of the municipal delegation: November 5th, 1880
  • Ali Margarot: February 6th 1881
  • Ali Margarot: May 1st 1882 (First mayor elected by the municipal council)
  • Ali Margarot: May 18th 1884
  • Henri Bertrand, assistant making function of mayor: April 1885
  • Gaston Maruejol: June 5th, 1885
  • Numa Gilly: May 20th 1888
  • Alexandre Bouchet, president of the municipal delegation: December 15th, 1888
  • Numa Gilly: January 24th 1889
  • Lucien Pascal, assistant making function of mayor: February 1889
  • Lucien Pascal: April 6th, 1889
  • Jules Delon-Soubeyran, president of the municipal delegation: September 6th 1890
  • Numa Gilly: October 24th, 1890
  • German Antoine: December 21st, 1890
  • Jules Delon-Soubeyran, president of the municipal delegation: February 26th 1891
  • Alexandre Bouchet: March 22nd, 1891
  • Emile Reinaud: May 15th 1892
  • Emile Reinaud: May 17th 1896
  • Gaston Crouzet: May 20th 1900
  • Gaston Crouzet: May 15th 1904
  • Jules Pieyre: May 17th 1908
  • Marius Valette: June 6th 1909
  • Hubert Rouger, assistant making function of mayor: July 1909
  • Hubert Rouger: August 9th, 1909
  • Charles Vauriot, assistant function of mayor: August 1910
  • Marius Valette: October 30th, 1910
  • Marius Valette: May 18th 1912
  • Élie Castan: May 27th 1914
  • Gustave Domjean, assistant making function of mayor: September 20th 1919
  • Josias Paut: December 10th, 1919
  • Hubert Rouger: May 17th 1925
  • Hubert Rouger: May 19th 1929
  • Hubert Rouger: May 19th 1935
  • Etienne Velay, president of the special delegation: November 14th 1940
  • Etienne Velay, appointed mayor: March 10th 1941
  • Paul Cabouat, president of the local committee of Release: August 24th 1944
  • Georges Bruguier, president of the special delegation: January 5th 1945

Twinnings

A convention of sponsorship binds the municipality to the anti-submarine frigate Montcalm (French National marine)

Transport

  • 2 highways: A9 and A54
  • 3 trunk roads: RN 106, RN 113, RN 86
  • 1 line TGV: 2:52 of Paris
  • 2 aerodromes including 1 airport: “Nimes Arles the Camargue”, located at Let us park to 10 km of Nimes and 15 km of Arles
  • the urban transport is ensured by Tango

Principal local mediums

  • the Midi Libre: daily newspaper more distributed.
  • the Marseilles : version gardoise of the daily newspaper of Provence
  • the Gazette of Nimes: weekly magazine.
  • Tele Mirror: local, accessible television recently on Internet, whose audience and activity do not cease increasing.
  • France Blue Gard Lozere: network Radio France
  • Radio Alliance (frequency 103,1): radio local Protestant woman
  • RAJE (frequency 102,5): radio young person centered on the current musics, local information and the culture.
  • RTS Fm (frequency 106,6)
  • RFN (Radio Nimes Frequency) Radio associative local: Defense of the French song.

Sources

Bibliography and references (nonexhaustive list)

  • New history of Nimes , Roland Andreani, Collective, Privat (fine 2005)

  • Ancient Nimes , Dominique Darts, Patrimoine (2005)
  • It was once… Nimes , Dominique Balaÿ, Livre Youth, Editions of the Cliffs (2005) * the Celtic Mediterranean one. Habitats and companies in Languedoc and Provence. , Dominique Garcia, editions Wandering, Paris, 2004, (ISBN 2877722864).
  • Nimes, Country Gardois , Collective, Catch (2002)
  • Nimes without visa, portrait of a city, Christian Liger, Robert Laffont (1987 - 2001)
  • Nimes and the rail, “trifle” with the TGV , Mazier and Pignède, Of the CABRI (2001)
  • Nimes, the shock of modernity , Bernie-Boissard, Harmattan (2000)
  • the Gallo-Roman enclosure of Nimes: walls and the turns , Pierre Game preserve, CNRS Editions (1999)
  • the rumor of Nimes, ten years after the flood , Domergue, Edisud (1998)
  • Research on Nimes préromaine : habitats and burials, Py, CNRS Editions (1998)
  • revolutionary Days in Nimes , Anne-Marie Duport, Chambon (1998)
  • Nimes, Jean-Luc Cards, Academy of the beautiful letters (1997)
  • Arena of Nimes, Fraigneau , (1997)
  • the guide of Nimes, Christian Liger and Claudette Déom , Manufacture (1989)
  • Nimes, Arles and the Camargue , Benoit, Alpina (1946)
  • Nimes, twenty centuries of history , Jean Vieilleville (1941)
  • Nimes, its history, its monuments , Igolen, Louis Rooms (1939)
  • Frederic Mistral and the Academy of Nimes , Charles Terrin, (1930)

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