Nikolaï Novikov

Nikolaï Ivanovitch Novikov (in; ), born the May 8th 1744 and dead the August 12th 1818, was a Philanthrope, editor and Russian author .

Representative of the Russian Lights, Novikov aimed at raising the cultural and educational level Russians. Often considered the Russian first Journalist, Novikov belonged to the generation of the Russians who profited from the creation of the Université of Moscow in 1755.

It took an active share with the Nakaz of 1767, which sought to produce a new legislative code. Inspired by this liberal kind of activity, Novikov ensured the edition of the Moskovskie Vedomosti and launched satirical newspapers on the model of the Tatler and The Spectator English . Its attack of the social habits in place encouraged the enjouées counterparts of Catherine II, which created even its own newspaper, entitled Vsyakaya vsyachina , to comment on its articles.

As of the Years 1780, Novikov rose with the highest positions of the Russian Franc-maçonnerie, which liberally financed its ambitious companies of edition. Its press produced the third of contemporary Russian books and several newspapers. Novikov also employed its influence with various noble intentions, such as a project with large scales of promotion among Russians of the theater of Shakespeare.

The advent of the French revolution changed whole with the whole the attitude of Catherine towards the inclinations of Novikov. Its printing works was confiscated and, three years later, he was imprisoned during fifteen years, without lawsuit, with the fortress of Shlisselburg.

When the tsar Paul I {{er}} released it, it was too much frightened and had the heart too broken to take again its journalistic activities.

References

Andre Monnier, a critical Publicity agent under Catherine II: Nicolas Novikov , Paris, Institute of Slavic studies, 1981 ISBN 9782720401756

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