See also: Niger (homonymy)

The Niger is a country of Africa steppe west, located between the Algérie, the Bénin, the Burkina Faso, the Chad, the Libya, the Mali and the Nigeria. The capital is Niamey. The inhabitants are Natives of Niger (those of the Nigeria are Nigerians ). C´est a multiethnic country which constitutes a ground of contact between l Afric black and l Afric of north.

The most important natural resources of Niger are the Or, the Fer, the coal, the Uranium and the Pétrole.

Certain animals, like the elephant S, the Lion S and the Giraffe S, are in danger of disappearance because of the destruction of the forest and the Braconnage.

History

See also: History of Niger

Policy

See also: Political of Niger

Subdivisions

See also: Subdivisions of Niger

Niger is divided into 8 areas which have like name that of their capital éponyme: Niamey, Agadez, Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua, Tillaberi, Zinder, Diffa.

The areas are divided into 35 departments which were until 2004 of the districts. For example the area of Agadez is consisted of the departments of Arlit, Bilma, and Tchirozerine. The departments have at their head of the prefects instead of the former sub-prefects.

The capital, Niamey, are a distinct urban community.

Geography

See also: Geography of Niger

The geographical location of Niger made of him a crossroads of exchanges between North Africa and Africa in the South of the Sahara. Located in Western Africa between the parallels 11°37 and 23°33 of northern latitude on the one hand, and the meridian lines 16° of longitude is and 0°10 of western longitude on the other hand, Niger extends on: 1265640 km ². It is vastest of the countries of Africa Occidentale and is classified 6th on a continental scale (after the Sudan, the Algérie, the Congo, the Libya and the Chad).

See also: Cities of Niger

Population

Two ethnic poles form the three quarters of the population native of Niger: haoussas and Djerma-songhaï.
  • the Haoussas, established between the Dallol Maouri and Zinder, live in the center and is country with a cultural surface largely extended to the Nigeria;
  • the Djermas and Songhaï S occupy the west of the country, include the Wogo S and the Kourteï S;
  • the Tuaregs, Arab Toubous and in north and the North-East;
  • the Kanuris and the Boudoumas in the extreme is;
  • the Peuls are disseminated on all the territory.

The force of social cohesion in Niger, it is undoubtedly the “cousinage with joke”. This cousinage makes it possible the various groups to be criticized between them without any clash. It is an excellent means of reabsorbing the inter-ethnic problems and that made of the company native of Niger a tolerant company, a nation of peaceful coexistence.

Demography

See also: Demography of Niger

Language

Because of the Colonization, the official language of Niger is French. The national languages, are with the number of ten of which most important are:

  • the Haoussa (56  %), Afro-Asian Language
  • the Zarma or songhaï (22  %), nilo-Saharan Language
  • the Peul or fulfudé (8  %), nigéro-Congolese language
  • the tamajeq or Tuareg (8  %), Afro-Asian language
  • the Kanouri (5  %), nilo-Saharan language
  • the Arab dialectal (1  %), Afro-Asian language
It is advisable to also add the Gourmantché, and the Toubou which are also spoken languages also by a weak part of the population.

Religion

The company native of Niger is divided into three great religious communities: Moslem (more 93  %), Christian and Animist. The faithful ones of these three communities cohabit peacefully. Christianity had a weak establishment in Niger because of old Islamization of the various areas. The Christian populations of Niger are mainly in the area of Doutchi which also concentrates a strong community animist.

Economy

See also: Economy of Niger

Niger is member of the economic Union and monetarist West African.

As of December 2004, UNO informs of probable a Famine for 2005, caused by the Sécheresse and the invasions of Criquet S. 33% of the population native of Niger (3,5 million people) would be affected by the shortage alimentaire., Fin at the end of 2005 and without the financial aid requested by UNO, 2,4 million Natives of Niger were touched.

Exports to the France of the Uranium of the mines of Arlit a long time constituted a big part of the income external of the country. Supposed existence of oil resources.

Culture

Media

  • Public:
Are represented by ORTN and include/understand:
    • the Tele Sahel
    • the Radio operator Sahel
There was recently the advent of the national second channel:
    • TAL TV, a digital television whose name refers to the sand dunes of the department of guigmi, in the area of Diffa.

Side of the public written press, there is the Sahel Sunday.

  • Private:

There exist several private televisions, which belongs to a group, combining a radio:
    • Radio Ténéré Television or RTT.
" Radio Dounia television " Television Channel 3 The other private radios which abound more and more, include/understand:
    • the R&M first deprived radio,
    • Anfani,
    • Tambara,
    • Southern FM,
    • Hope,
    • Saraounia,
    • Bonferay, Islamic radio…
    • Shukurah in Zinder (the old capital of Niger to 900 km of Niamey).

Arts

  • the group Mamar Kassey
  • the group of music Tuareg Toumast starts to have an international visibility.
  • the group of music of Agadez Oyiwan
  • the group Goumbé Star with Mali Yaro (Abdoulaye Boureima) as singer high-speed motorboat
  • the group Tendustes with Abdoussalam as singer high-speed motorboat
  • the group Kaidangaskia
  • the group Soga
  • the singer Fati Mariko
  • the singer Hadiza Mangou

Archeology

Archeologists exhumed in Niger of the terra cotta sculptures.

Others

Codes

Code list of Niger:
according to the standard ISO 3166-1 (code list country), Niger has as a code alpha-3 NER
according to the standard ISO 3166-1 (code list country), Niger has as a code alpha-2
according to the Code list country of the CIO, Niger has as a code NIG
according to the international Code list of the number plates, Niger has as a code RN
according to the Liste of prefixes ICAO of registration of the aircraft, Niger has as a code 5U
according to the Liste of the prefixes of codes ICAO of the airports, Niger has as a code DR.
according to the Code list countries used by NATO, Niger has as a code alpha-3 NER
according to the Code list countries used by NATO, Niger has as a code alpha-2 NG
according to the standard ISO 3166-1 (code list country), Niger has as a code alpha-3 NER

See too

References

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