Niš

See also: Nis

Niš or Nish , in Serb Cyrillic Sr Ниш, in Latin Greek Naissus and in grc Ναϊσσός, is a town of Serbia located in the district of Nišava of which it is the administrative center. In 2002, it counted: 250518 inhabitants. By its population, Niš is the third plus big city of Serbia.

History

Located at the crossroads of the Balkan S and the roads of Europe towards the minor Asia, Niš is one of the oldest cities of Balkans. In Antiquity she was regarded as a passage between the Orient and the Occident.

The Roman Emperor Constantin Ier was born to with it.

In 268, Claude the Gothic beat there the Goths at the time of the Bataille of Naissus.

In 441, Attila crossed the low Danube and joined the troops of his/her Bleda brother to besiege and take the city.

In 1443, the Christian armies carried out by the military chief Jean Hunyadi combined to the Serb despot Đurađ Branković, overcame the Othoman and pushed back them until Sofia. An important battle proceeded close to Niš, which enabled him to remain a free city until in 1448, which marked the beginning of 245 years a long Turkish presence.

In 1737, during the austro-Turkish war, the Austria entered in Valachie and the Othoman part of the Serbia. François-Etienne of Lorraine, assisted of the general Seckendorf, entered in Macedonia and seized Niš during the summer. The Turks of Humbaraci Ahmed Pasha (Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French converted with Islam) reacted and released Niš.

During the Second world war, Niš was occupied by the Germans. The first Concentration camp Nazi in Yugoslavia was near the city. In 1942, prisoners revolted, took the weapons and escaped; the escaped prisoners were in fact of the guerillas movement of Tito, which was captured by the German forces during the Bataille of Kozara. This escape is described in film from Miomir Stamenkovic Lager Niš , turned in 1987.

Characteristics

Geography

Niš is located at 43°19' Northern latitude and 21°54' of longitude Is in the valley of the Nišava, close to the place where it joined the Morava.

The city covers a surface of approximately 597 km ², including/understanding the town of Niš itself, the thermal spa of Niška Banja and 68 suburbs.

The highest point of the town of Niš is the Sokolov kamen (1523m).

Climate

The climate of the area of Niš is moderate and continental, with an annual average temperature of 11,2°C. July is the hottest month of the year, with an average of 21,2°C. The coldest month is January with an average of 0.2°C.

The average of annual precipitations is of 567,25 mm/m ². The barometric median value is of 992,74mb. Approximately 123 days of rain and 43 days of snow are counted.

On average, the force of wind is just below 3 Beaufort.

Activities

Constantin-the-Large Aéroport of Niš is an international airport whose code is INI.

The city is an university center. Approximately: 28000 students follow courses to the Université of Niš.

The city is also one of the industrial centers most important of the Serbia: electronics (with Elektronska Industrija Niš), mechanical engineering, of textile industry and industry of tobacco.

Administrative divisions

The town of Niš is divided into five municipalities:

Notes and references of the article

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