Nepal

see also: Etymology of Nepal

The Nepal , officially “ State of Nepal ” according to its provisional constitution (Nepali: नेपाल), is a country of the the Himalayas, wedged, bordered in north by the Popular republic of China, autonomous region of the Tibet, in the south, the west and the east by the India.

Although small, Nepal has a very large variety of landscapes, extending from tropical wet Teraï, in the south, to more the high mountains of the world, in north. Nepal has eight mountains among ten higher of the world (mountainous Sommets of more than eight thousand meters), of which the Everest which marks the border with the Tibet.

Nepal was made famous for the possibilities that it offers for tourism, the trekking, alpinism, the VTT, the safaris, the rafting and its many temples and places of worships.

Kathmandou is the capital (royal and religious) of the Nepal, from which it is largely more the big city. The others main cities are Pokhara, Biratnagar, Lalitpur (Patan), Bhaktapur, Birendranagar, Hetauda, Butwal, Bharatpur, Siddhartanagar (Bhairahawa), Birganj, Janakpur, Nepalganj, Hetauda, Dharan, Dhangadhi and Mahendranagar.

The official language is the Nepalese and the currency is the Nepalese Roupie. The kingdom is populated of more than 60 different ethnos groups and castes. The caste of Chhetri sets up the majority group in Nepal, gathering 15,8% of the population. The caste of Bahun (Brahmans) sets up the second majority group with 13,3% of the population (census of 2001). The Newar, regarded as the first inhabitants of the valley of Katmandou count for 5,4% of the Nepalese population. Their language, the newari, is always spoken in the Vallée about Katmandou. The other principal people of Nepal are the Sherpa, the Tamang, the Gurung, the Thakali, the Kiranti and the Magar.

After a history rich in bounces, where the areas which constitute it knew a diversity of totalitarian modes which successively gathered or separated, Nepal became a constitutional monarchy in 1990. Nevertheless, the king Birendra kept many capacities relatively badly definite. This situation gradually increased the unstable situation firstly at the Parliament and, in the campaigns since 1996, an insurrection Maoïste which fights for abdication of the king and against the traditional political parties. They sought to reverse the feudal establishments, including monarchy, and to establish a state Maoist. This carried out Nepal in a civil war called Guerre of the Nepalese People, which made more than 15.000 dead. The stability of Nepal was threatened even when the crown prince Dipendra assassinated all his family - including the king Birendra and the queen Aiswarya - and that it committed suicide. His/her uncle, Gyanendra, unpopular, is crowned king. He seeks to twice exert an active control on the government while returning in three years the Prime Minister elected and while naming in the place a government of his choice. In April 2006 starts a general strike in favor of the democracy to make fold the king: this one ends up yielding to the pressure of the street and re-establishes the Parliament in its rights the April 24th. During next May, the Parliament withdraws with the king the majority of his prerogatives. In 2007, a new transition government is set up. Directed by the Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala, this government is composed representatives of the Nepalese political principal parties including five ministers belonging to the ex-guerilla Maoist.

History

Flag

Policy

Subdivisions

Nepal is subdivided in five areas of development (विकासक्षेत्र, vikās will kṣetra ), of 14 administrative zones (अञ्चल, añcal , transcribed by anchal , in the singular and) and in 75 districts (जिल्ला, jillā , transcribed by jilla ).

Kingdom of Mustang

Geography

Nepal roughly has the shape of a trapezoid. Small country a 800 km length and a width of approximately 200 km, it covers a surface of: 147181 km ². It is wedged between India and China.

From a physiographical point of view, Nepal can be divided into three zones (belts) coarsely directed East-West: the mountainous area, the zone of the hills and the area of the Teraï.

These three zones are dissected by the major rivers of the country, altitude varies from 60 meters in Téraï with: 8848 meters with the Everest. This enormous uneven involves a great diversity of climates and grounds:

subtropical in the plains of Téraï which border India in the south, where a system of three major rivers runs (Kosi, Narayani and Karnali) which belong to the Northern edge of the indo-gangetic plains;
moderate in the central area of low mountains and hills;
cold and dry in the area of the high mountains of the the Himalayas.

Only 20% of the total surface area of the country are cultivable and the needs increasing for the population in heating and rice involve a worrying deforestation.

Economy

Demography

Culture

Press and media

Religions

Statistical data

Capital: Katmandou or Kathmandou
Population: 24,7 million
Surface: 147.181km ²
Density: 168 hab/km ²
Land borders: 2810 km
Principal tops: Everest (8 848m), Annapurna (8 091 m)
Life expectancy: 59 years (in 2004)
Increase in population: 2,2% (in 2004)
infantile Death rate: 6,9% (in 2004)

See too

Communications in Nepal
Transport in Nepal
Military off Nepal
Foreign relations of Nepal
Theme index of the Indian world

External bonds

France Nepal Information: French-speaking newspaper of information on Nepal
Official site of the government of tourist Nepal
Office of Nepal
people of Nepal
of Nepal
HumanCare: Humanitarian organization in Nepal
To learn Népali

Beats-smg: Nepals Be-X-old: Непал Simple: Nepal Zh-min-nan: Nepal

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