Neorealism
The Néoréalisme is a literary and cinematographic movement which developed in Italy (and in Portugal) in the years 1940 and 1950. This article treats neorealism as a whole. For a more complete article on the cinematographic movement, see Néoréalisme (cinema).
A realistic representation of reality
A will to describe reality such as it is, without occulting the problems and the injustices of them, starts to appear towards 1930 in opposition to the fascistic culture dominant and the topics of the declining Movement (represented for example by Gabriele D' Annunzio).
The intellectuals estimate whereas it is of their historical responsibility to be made the speaking pipes of the people and of its needs. They choose to adopt a simple and direct language, often copied on the language of the every day.
The neorealism is essential especially between 1943 and 1950: many writers take an active share with resistance against Fascism and the Nazism, then with the political debates once the finished war.
The most frequent topics of works neorealists are the fight of the partisans, the claims working and the revolts of the townsmen.
Cinema and literature
The term of neorealism initially applied to the cinema of this time, which tells stories inspired of reality and social problems of Italy which, after the horrors and the destruction of the civil war, tries to build its future: the most famous films of the cinema neorealist are those of the realizers Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio de Sica, Luchino Visconti and of the scenario writer Cesare Zavattini. The experiment neorealist constitutes one of the tops of the Italian cinema, which then becomes a model for the other countries.
It is thereafter that one extended the qualifier of neo-realist to certain branches of the literature. Many are the important writers who, at the time of these years, were influenced by the ideas neorealists: let us quote Elio Vittorini, Cesare Pavese, Beppe Fenoglio, Italo Calvino at its beginnings, Alberto Moravia, Vasco Pratolini, Francesco Jovine, Domenico Rea, Carlo Levi, Mario Tobino and Carlo Cassola.
See too
- Néoréalisme (cinema)
- Néoréalisme (International relations)
- Italian Literature
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