Nemossos

Nemossos (Gallic term indicating a “crowned wood”) is the name which in the Antiquité the old French city of Clermont carried, in Auvergne, whose fusion with the city close and rival of Montferrand , imposed authoritatively on the 17th century by Louis XIII (Edict of Troyes of the April 15th 1630, first Édit of union ) and confirmed one century later by Louis XV (1731, second Édit of union ) gave rise to the town of Clermont-Ferrand .

A short history

Nemossos was to be at the beginning a Gallic small village, which one locates on the hillock where was built current the cathedral of Clermont-Ferrand, which took importance, at the point to be qualified by Strabon, at the beginning of the 1st century of “metropolis” of the Arvernes. It is in its surroundings that towards 72 av. J. - C had been born. the chief arverne Vercingétorix, who was to illustrate himself at the time of the Guerre of Gaules by taking the head of the rising of the Gaulle against the Roman invader . Nemossos was also located not far from the plate of Gergovie, where Vercingétorix - some month before capitulating with Alésia - had pushed back the attacks of the Roman legions of Jules César, at the time of the Siège of Gergovie, in 52 av. J. - C..

Before becoming the modern city of Clermont-Ferrand that we know, the old “metropolis of the Arvernes” Nemossos changed several times of name during the history, becoming - at the beginning of the Gallo-Roman period -   Augustonemetum    (Latinization of the Gallic name Nemossos formed by addition of the name of the emperor Auguste) in the current of the 1st century, then Arvernis , at the 3rd century, by taking the name - as that had been practiced much in other towns of Gaulle at that time - of the people which his walls sheltered, and finally, in 848, Clairmont (name of Clermont in Former French), in reference to the strong Château of Clarus Mons . It is the name which it carried during nearly 900 years before the fusion mentioned above, which gave rise to the town of Clermont-Ferrand.

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