Natural reserve of the Sources of the three rivers
With the mid-west of the China, in the province of Qinghai, are born three from largest Chinese rivers:
- the Yangzi Jiang or Chang Jiang,
- the Huang He or Yellow river,
- the Lancang Jiang (Mekong)
It is partly to protect their water that was created the natural reserve of the Sources of the three rivers (in Mandarin Sanjiangyuan , in English The Sources off the Three Rivers ).
Characteristics
It is the greatest natural reserve of the highest China and of the world:- surface: : 316000 km ² (: 360000 km ², according to other sources);
- altitude: more: 4000 m above sea level.
History, origin and objectives
In 1999, to protect water from China and part of the Southeast Asia, one started to replant grass and trees upstream of the basins of these large rivers to slow down erosion there. According to the Chinese government, in 2001: 4200 ha were thus réenforestés and: 387000 primary ha of forest is the subject of protection against the Incendie S or the illegal Déboisement; 1,2 million hectares requiring to be supervised better, wooded surface having fallen with: 456158 ha of forest and: 744572 ha of bushes. It is more half of the trees of the area which disappeared in one century.
Futurology and plan of management.
At the end of 2004, the central government engaged a plan of protection and the ecological restoration of the reserve of the Sources of the three rivers, which must mark the beginning of the restoration of the wetlands of the center of the plate of the Tibet - Qinghai.Seven billion and half of Yuan S (more than 900 million US dollars) are announced over six years (2004-2010).
The plan would concern: 152000 km ²: 223000 indigenous inhabitants in sixteen counties and outer suburbs.
The ambitious objective is for 2010, to return 6,44 million hectares of field in their old state of meadow savages or pastures and to retimber: 6530 other hectares of arable lands. A total of: 800000 ha should be affected with the afforestation, the fight against the turning into a desert with the protection of wetlands and of the water resource. Measurements of integrated management would relate to 2,09 million hectares of Steppe where it is necessary to fight against the impoverishment of the soil, the dryness and the abnormal development of field voles which benefit from the regression of their predatory (500 km ²).
That will not be done without evil, since it is necessary to evacuate: 55800 people. : 132600 shepherds should however have a better access to drinking water. The plan also plans to cause cloud seedings, as well as an increased scientific follow-up. This plan could be disturbed by the problems of Avian flu which strongly touched the zone of the Lac Qinghai.
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