The native tongue indicates the first Langue that a child learns. In certain cases, when the child is educated by parents or people speaking about the different languages, it can acquire these languages simultaneously, each one being able to be regarded as a native tongue. It will be perhaps then in situation of Bilinguisme.

History

The expression native tongue appeared for the first time at XIe or XIIe century in the sermons of the monks of the abbey (Germanic) of Gorze (who then underwent the pressure of the monks of the abbey (Romance) of Cluny) to justify their use of the Francique in their sermons. “According to the little that we know some, they called upon at least two arguments. The first, it was that the francique one was the spoken language by the women, even in the areas where the men already started to employ vernacular the Romance. The second, that it was the language from now on employed by the Église mother. ”

Acquisition

The Acquisition of the maternal language is done in several phases. With the whole beginning, the child literally records the Phonème S and the intonation S of the language, without however being able to reproduce them. Then, it starts to produce sounds and intonations. Lastly, when its vocal apparatus allows him, it articulates the words and starts to organize its sentences, while assimilating the Lexique. The Syntax and the Grammaire of the language are integrated throughout this process of training.

Ivan Illich opposes the native tongue, which is the subject of a teaching (that it is at the school or the house), with the vernacular Language, acquired by imitation.

Situations according to the countries

Canada

Within the framework of the censuses of the Canadian population, Statistique Canada defines the native tongue like the “first language learned in the house in the childhood and still understood by listed at the time of the census”.

France

There is no question about the native tongue in the French census. The use of other native tongues on the territory is not a relevant subject for the official services.

Related article

• vernacular Language
• international Day of the native tongue

References

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