National park of Salamajärvi

The National park of Salamajärvi (in Finnish Salamajärven kansallispuisto ) is a national park of Finland, with horse between the areas of central Finland ( municipalities of Kivijärvi and Kinnula) and of Ostrobotnie power station (municipality of Perho).

Geography

Localization

The park is located at the mid-west of the country, in full heart of the Suomenselkä, a zone of Moraine S marking separation between the area of the lakes and the agricultural plains of Ostrobotnie and constituting the Watershed between the rivers running towards the Gulf of Bothnia and those joining the Golfe of Finland. The closest villages, Kivijärvi and Perho, both distant of the 20 km, are the administrative centers small rural communes very little densément populated. The park is in the middle of a very broad wild zone. No city of more than 5.000 inhabitants is located at less than 60 km of the park, and the closest regional capital and big cities, Jyväskylä, Kokkola and Seinäjoki, are very with nearly 150 km.

Fauna

One of the most known inhabitants of the park is the Renne forests, subspecies Rangifer tarandus fennicus . After its disappearance of the area since nearly one century, a programme of reintroduction launched in 1979 made it possible to repopulate the northern part of Suomenselkä, where 1.000 reindeers currently live. The reindeers are mainly visible in the park at spring and in summer, of many herds migrant towards other pastures before the winter.

History

A weak human presence

Because of the great poverty of the grounds, generally unsuitable with the Agriculture, the north of Suomenselkä forever supported important population and even less significant urban concentration. The first permanent villages were not founded before the 16th century, and still the lifestyle of the inhabitants remained seminomad during still tens of years. The cultures on Brûlis allowed thin harvests of Seigle or barley. The principal product of export of the 17th century at the 19th century is the vegetable Goudron produced starting from many the pines of the area.

A national park theater of successful programs of réintrodution

Very the weak density of the northern part of Suomenselkä made of it an ideal site for the reintroduction of species disappeared in the southernmost half of Finland. In 1979, they are the reindeers of the forests, 2 males and 8 females coming from the Kainuu, which are reintroduced. The species was declared extinct in Finland except for a small border zone of the Russia since the first years of the 20th century. The progression of the population leads to the creation of the national park in 1982. During Years 1990, in fact the gloutons in their turn are reintroduced successfully.

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