The national park of Ordesa and of Mount-Lost (in Spanish: Parque nacional of Ordesa Monte Perdido ) is there a natural park located in the the Pyrenees, province of Huesca, autonomous Communauté of Aragon, in Spain. It was created on August 16th, 1918 by a royal decree which declared National park the valley of Ordesa on a surface of 2.100 ha. July 13rd, 1982, its surface is extended to 15.608 ha and its name becomes “National park of Ordesa and of Mount-Lost”. It is included in the Réserve of biosphere Ordesa-Vignemale declared by UNESCO in 1997. The park and its peripheral zone extend on the communes (or município S ) from Torla, Broto, Fanlo, Tella-Sin, Puertola and Bielsa.
Description
The national park constitutes a geographical unit of first order. Its Orographie is dominated by the largest calcareous solid mass of Europe of the solid mass of mow Tres Solores, Tresserols, dominated by the Mont Lost of which, in a way coarsely radial descend a series from impressive mountainous peaks and of glaciated valleys. Most characteristic and emblematic is the Vallée of Ordesa - traversed by Rio Arazas - origin of the national park, which opens in direction of south-west. Not less beautiful are the valleys of Niscle ( Cañon de Aniscle ) which traverses Rio Bellos, in direction of the south, the Gorges of Escuain Gargantas de Escuain where runs Rio Yaga in direction of south-east, and the valley of Pine forest Valle de Pineta , traversed by the Cinca, directed towards the east. Moreover, although it does not belong to the national park because being located in French territory, it is necessary to add Lea valley and the Cirque of Gavarnie, other glacial circus impressive with the highest cascade of Europe with more than 400 m of vertical fall. The morpholgie of the park is due to the crumpling and the alpine rise in the tertiary era, modelled later by the glacial erosion of the quaternary era, which gave this particular aspect of circuses and glaciated valleys very marked, like the valley of Ordesa and the valley of Pine forest. There exists still a Glacier on the northern face of the Lost Mount, although it is in regression. The rock which dominates everywhere in the national park is limestone, which adds to the old glacial erosion the karstic and river transformation of the landscape, with multiple caves, canyons, etc In this field are detached the canyon from Niscle and the throats of Escuain, which have glacial circuses at their end, but which were boxed later in deep throats. The high zones of the park (altitudes higher than 2000 m) are extrèmements arid. All the water which tomb is quickly absorbed by the karstic system , whereas the funds of the valleys are covered by an exuberant vegetation or dominate the Hêtre and the spruce which leave the place to the black Pin when altitude increases. Among the many characters who fell under the charm from these places, some contributed to make known them and to protect, such Luciano Briet, Solor and Santallo or Lucas Mallada.
Flora
Until an altitude of 1500-1700 meters, one finds many wood of beeches (Fagus Sylvatica), woodland pines (Pinus sylvestris), of oaks (Quercus faginea), with a limited presence of birches (Betula pendula), of ashes (Fraxinus angustifolia), of willows (Salix alba), of hazel trees (Corylus avellana), whereas with the upper floor, up to 2000 m dominates the black pine (Pinus will nigra). The underwood up to 1800 m is dominated by the Buis (Buxus balearica). Over the meadows of altitude (between 1700 and 3000 meters) the Fétuque dominates, as well as the many endemic ones, of which part the Edelweiss forms (Leontopodum alpinum), which became the symbol of the park and which is protected.
Fauna
The emblematic species of the park was the Bouquetin of the Pyrenees, whose Pyrenean subspecies ( Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica ) disappeared in 2000 in spite of the efforts from safeguarding. The other species present are the Isard (Rupricapra will rupricapra), the Marmotte, the Sanglier and the Desman of the Pyrenees (Galemys pyrenaicus). The raptors are also abundant, the such Golden eagle, the fawn-coloured Vautour, the Faucon, the Large-duke, of the owls, Vautour percnoptère and some gypaètes. One can also quote the Coq of heather and the Perdrix of snows.
Internal bonds
External bonds
- Site of the national park
- UNESCO
- Ordesa - Mount Lost Glance of Photographer
- Card of the park on site UNEP-WCMC
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