National-Catholicism

Definition

The voluntarily polemical association of nationalism and Catholicism in the term national-Catholicism , returns to a perception of a role of the religion of the Catholicism, which would to some extent leave the role that one recognizes to him usually, related to the organization Spirituel it of the community of its faithful, to interfere itself policy. National-Catholicism would be a kind of religious theology which would like to be incarnated in the temporal one, while being presented in the form of a political ideology comparable with the Théologie of the release, to the other extreme of the political chessboard. It could also be a question of an implication, affirmed or left in the shade on the destiny of the State-nations, of a secret or discrete lobby, relaying these various theses.

After the Second world war - the war of Spain being perceived by certain historians like “the last time where the Man fought in the name of the defense of the ideas” and the general repetition of a world war causing more than forty million human losses - the term of “national-Catholicism”, by association of ideas with “national-socialisme”, makes it possible to highlight what would be a Spanish anomaly: the Francoism, however associated with the camp of overcome, remains with the capacity, which represents a scandal with the eyes of much of Spanish political opponents.

A scarecrow

The Spanish Phalangiste S at the base were not connected to this confession, nearer in that to an Iberian version of the disasters black or brown shirts which reached of the Parti the State with the Grande depression, the ones reinforcing it, the others reaching it. France was also agitated by the Croix of Fire, the unit radicalizing itself against Communism as against the capacity in place of the democracies installed on the qualified practicing middle-class of “Judeo-Christian”.

Bartolomé Bennassar makes use of the existence of this concept, initially employed in the nationalist camp (i.e. pro-Franco, denomination preceding the transformation by the Spanish State into Junte with Culte of the personality to leaving the war), to distinguish the fights from influence which crossed it - left side, these fights were worse still since they resulted on a paroxysm from fratricidal shots.

This historian evokes in particular:

the part played by the militiamans navarran S ralliés with the nationalist camp, named requests : catholics practitioners and separatist S of culture close to that of the Basque Country, whose Navarre is the cultural crucible, on the one hand.
of the other, various mobilities of the Phalange, of which a hierarchy with sympathies fascisantes on the model of the parties German and Italian, that it was necessary to decapitate with leaving the war to impose the single head of the Caudillo on the State and a new party resulting from fusion from these two so different branches (of the separatists practitioners on the one hand, Castilian nationalists of the other).

Free moved away then from the fascistic States by declaring neutral Spain, and by refusing the passage to division German for the project of catch of the Rock of Gibraltar (on the councils of Pétain); the pro-Franco transition fell on the country and its inhabitants, the right of meeting was strictly supervised; until funerals of the head, at the end with the blessing of representatives of the Spanish cardinal hierarchy and big industries of the country.

It is there that the mode made use of the reference to the religion and the identity past of the country to legitimate itself.

The Vatican had no direct role there; employing the term, the pro-Franco Propagande also developed an association with the term of cruzada , which returned to the process of Reconquista and the strong figures color of the catholic Kings and the apostle Saint Jacques the Matamore, allowing the individuals having scruples vis-a-vis this past somewhat animated to obtain an amnesia rédemptrice and salutary: it was a crusade, it was necessary to do it, asphyxiate the opposing side was the only means of finishing some with the disorders of the second Spanish republic preceding the military coup d'etat starting from July 12th 1936.

This association can appear rather dared for a camp which had largely called upon the colonial armies of Morocco made up of Berber of Moslem confession to engage in the conflict.

The construction by stages of the European democratic structure put a term at these charges of national-Catholicism, the more so as the Spanish episcopate had taken, as of the end of the war, its distances with the pro-Franco capacity.

See too

Random links: