Nahdatul Ulama

The Nahdatul Ulama (sometimes written Nahdlatul Ulama , “rebirth of the Ouléma S”, of Arabic Nahda , “rebirth”) or NAKED represents the traditional Islam Indonesia N. She is opposed to any innovation which she considers inappropriate, which includes its rival reformist Muhammadiyah. Its activities consist of the checking of the orthodoxy of the religious books, the management of religious schools and mosques, the assistance with the orphans and the poor, and the management of organizations to promote a trade, an industry and an agriculture in conformity with the Islamic principles.

The NAKED one is based on the capacity of the kyai , spiritual leaders traditional, which includes the leaders of the brotherhoods Soufi are. The capacity of the kyai is also social and even policy, through their influence on their disciples. The NAKED one was founded in 1926 by Javanese oulémas which worried, on the one hand attraction of nationalism and Communism, on the other hand reformism of Muhammadiyah. The first leader of NAKED is Hasyim Asy' ari (1871-1947).

During the conflict which, of 1945 to 1949, opposes the young Republic of Indonesia to the Netherlands following the proclamation of its independence, the NAKED one is active within the party Masyumi, which fights the Dutchmen. In 1952, the NAKED one decides to constitute its political own party. This party arrives second, behind PNI soekarnist, with the elections of 1955, the first of the history of Indonesia.

When Soeharto issues the dissolution of the Communist party indonésien in 1965, the youth organization of NAKED, Ansor, take an active part in the massacres in Java Is.

The new capacity of Soeharto decides to amalgamate all the political parties into two. One, the Democratic party indonésien or PDI, gathers the nonMoslem parties. The other, the Left for the unit and the development or PPP, absorbs the Moslem parties, of which the NAKED one. In 1974, the NAKED one is opposed to a private bill which would have authorized the marriages inter-monk. In 1984, the organization decides to be withdrawn from the policy and “to return to the principles of 1926. ” It accepts the principle of the mode of basing any organization on the ideology of State of the Pancasila . Abdurahman Wahid, known as “Gus Hard”, grandson of Hasyim Ashari and respected Moslem leader, becomes leading the NAKED one. In 1991, Gus Dur founds the Forum for the Democracy and fights in particular for freedom of expression. The NAKED one is the largest Muslim organization of Indonesia, with approximately 30 million members. Its establishment is largely rural and mainly in the center and is of Java. Its general headquarter is with Jakarta.