Nólsoyar Páll

Poul Poulsen Nolsøe , more known under the name of Nólsoyar Páll (October 11th 1766 with Nólsoy - 1809 with Sumba (Faroe Islands)) is a national hero of the Faroe Islands.

Nólsoyar Páll was a sailor, a tradesman and a poet féringien. It built in 1804 with Vágur the first boat truly féringien, intended for navigation in the Atlantic, since the Middle Ages, namely the Goélette Royndin Fríða (literally: the most beautiful test ). It made shipwreck in 1809 with this boat while trying to go to seek cereals in British Isles in order to save Féringiens of a famine.

Its Ballade of the bird Fuglakvæði of 1805 is a showpiece of the national heritage féringien. It retranscribes the resistance of the islanders against the " Monopoly of the trade of the Kingdom of Danemark" by having recourse to the Metaphor.

Life

Poul Poulsen saw the day on the island of Nólsoy in October 1766, probably the 11. He was the fourth child of his father Poul Joensen (1724-1786) - from where: Poulsen = wire of Poul ) and his/her mother Susanne Djonedatter of Nólsoy. Its family came from the island of Eysturoy. It had five brothers and a sister.

Because of its birthplace, it accepted like patronym Nolsøe , i.e. the old name of the Danish island (from where: Nólsoyar Páll = Paul de Nólsoy or Nólsoy-Paul ). Three of the brothers - Poul, Johannes and Jacob quickly learned how to read and were personally encouraged by the young person Baillif Wenzel Hammershaimb (1755-1822), from whom they borrowed books. The uncle de Wenzel Hammershaimb, V.U. Hammershaimb, will invent later, in 1846, the language féringienne written.

The Nolsøe brothers grew in the flourishing company Rybergs Handel, which respected the Monopoly of the kingdom of Denmark. The capital féringienne Tórshavn, distant of one mile of the island of Nólsoy at the time was already populated craftsmen and sailors, including one great number came from abroad.

Johannes studied the self-educated medicine of manner. It is told that it had an old book treating of this matter with provision and that it could raise questions with a framework of scoiété Rybergs Handel called Rosenmeyer. Jacob followed studies of trade and was most firmly trained of the three brothers. He should have been an excellent navigator but he became employee of Rybergs Handel of which he climbs the levels quickly.

The wish of Poul Poulsens was to become sailor. He thus learned navigation and was merchant for Rybergs Handel . After the death of his father (who had fought the idea of his son to make sea his trade) it surveyed the sea for Rybergs Handel . In 1793, it would have gone to Paris and Marseilles. According to oral testimonys, it would have made veil under the French and English flags, until he became captain for a trading company étasunienne. Is regarded as proven the fact that he visited the E. - U., the the Antilles, the England, the France, the Portugal, the Norway, the Denmark and other countries and that he took note of works of the large Scottish poet Robert Burns (1759-1796).

In 1798, one finds his trace with Copenhagen, where he will marry the same year a woman originating in the island of Nólsoy. After this period in Copenhagen, it goes back in 1800 to the Faroe Islands. Some time after, his wife dies; it remarie again, that in 1801, this time with the girl of a fortunate peasant of the surroundings of Klaksvík on the island of Borðoy. His/her father-in-law gives him a ground of 7 Markatal, and it is reported that Nólsoyar Páll was the farmer who cut down the most work of all the archipelago. Moreover, to reward it for its agricultural exploits, the royal agrarian Company decreed a money medal to him.

It paid also its attention on naval construction. As an experienced sailor, it could from the start recognize the defects which characterized the boats féringiens built hitherto. It knew benefitted from the long tradition of the island of Nólsoy as regards construction of boats and owing to the fact that it controlled this field. It prolonged the Quille (boat) and reinforced the Proue. The boat could thus maintain a better course in the high tension currents of the channels féringiens. It replaced the square sail square by a lateen sail. That offered better taken wind to the boat. Little time after, all the boats built in the Faroe Islands was it in this manner.

However, Nólsoyar Páll had something of more important at the head: not less than to fight for freedom to trade and, therefore, the abolition of the Danish royal Monopoly. Its constructions of boats were not only thought from the point of view of improvement of the local sea traffic but also with an aim of obtaining the independence of the archipelago. But the majority of people found this idea " abstraite" , in particular what it implied in the field of the taxes.

The ballade of the bird

In the song Fuglakvæði , Nólsoyar Páll evokes the Huîtrier magpie ( Tjaldur ), which is since the symbol of inclinations of independence of the Faroe Islands).

Fuglurin í fjøruni

við sínum nevi reyða

mangt eitt djór og høviskan fugl

hevur hann greitt frá deyða,

Fuglurin í fjøruni.

It is actually a song written in resistance to the Monopoly of the Kingdom of Denmark (which lasted approximately of 1620 at January 1st 1856) to Danish colonialism. In fact, oyster the magpie is only one metaphor of Nólsoyar Páll itself.

The return of Nólsoyar Páll

The poet féringien J.H.O. Djurhuus wrote during its national-romantic period a poem on Nólsoyar Páll, whose title is Heimferð Nólsoyar Páls , and whose death would be the exit of a plot according to most of the admirors of Nólsoyar Páll. Nólsoyar Páll used various symbols in its Ballade of the bird . The oyster-magpie is the hero and the corbels and crows are the Danes. Djurhuus utilizes the Scandinavian queen Rán as symbol of the capacities which are opposed in this combat.

Ravnagorr to yvir Beinisvørð,

skýdráttur, náttsól hálv -

Royndin hin Fríða mót heimastrond

í brotasjógvi og gjálv.

Kappar to fróir á bunkanum,

kátastur Nólsoyar Pól:

Dansur og skemtan í annaðkvøld,

ástarleikur og ból.

Vreið kom Rán, klædd í glaðustrok,

so mjøllhvít og mikil sjón:

komin á fund tín, Nólsoyar Pól,

eg krevji títt bretska grón.

Komin á fund tín, Nólsoyar Pól,

eg bjóði tær heim í nátt,

nú to lystir mær og mínum døtrum

At will hoyra tín Fruntatátt.

Ræddist I.E.(internal excitation) reysti Nólsoyar Pól,

Rán fekk frá skaldinum tøkk, -

gotrini sungu heljarljóð

og Royndin hin Fríða søkk. -

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Dagur kom aftan á níðingsdáð,

- sorg VAr í will tjaldra fjøld-

ravnar rýmdu frá Beinisvørð,

tá ið helvt VAr gingin front øld.

Dagur kom aftan á níðingsdáð,

Beinisvørður í sól-

frítt stóð fjallið í grønum stakki:

Rún um Nólsoyar Pól.

---

Traðkast og trælkast Føroyingar,

- to fýrføttir fjakka um fjøll -

Fuglakvæðið tá Nólsoyar Pól

flytur í Ránar høll.

Traðkast og trælkast Føroyingar,

- missa mæli og mál -

muna skal anarchist Nólsoyar Pól

mikil í brynju og stál.

Literature

Jakob Jakobsen: Poul Nolsøe , 2 volumes, Dänemark 1966 (initially in Danish approx. 1892, féringien 1912)
John F. West: Faroe. The Emergence off has Nation , London 1972 ISBN 0-8397-2063-7

John F. West: Færøerne. In nation og dens historie Gyldendalske boghandel. Nordisk Forlag A/S, Kopenhagen 1974 (translated from English)

J.F.West: Nolsöe, Poul Poulsen . In: Byron J. Nordstrom (Hrsg.): Dictionary off Scandinavian History Greenwood Near, Westport, Connecticut (u.a.) 1986, S. 413-5

External bonds

faroeartstamps.fo - Djurhuus-Emissions of stamps in 2004

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