Néguentropie

The néguentropie is a factor of Organization physical, and possibly social and human systems, which is opposed to the natural tendency to disorganization: the Entropy.

Presentation

Of Thermodynamic origin , the néguentropie is used in Systémique like synonym of the force of cohesion. Norbert Wiener describes it like a physical translation of the Information.

The Entropie is stated in the second principle of thermodynamics like spontaneously increasing in closed system. Under this condition, the concept of néguentropie thus is necessarily limited in time or space or can apply only to one open system.

One speaks in the dynamic study of Système about Disentropie. In such a system a partial néguentropie carries out has a state of Car-organization of higher level by a phenomenon of Percolation.

Example

One can color with the cell that the Vie is a form of néguentropie. It tends to preserve its néguentropie, i.e. an organization, a structure, a form, an operation, and that thanks to the consumption of energy, coming from the outside of the cell. A dead cell does not maintain any more this néguentropie, therefore it disaggregates.

Contrary to appearances, it is not contrary with the 2nd principle of thermodynamics: what makes possible this evolution towards more order, it is the contribution of outside: the cell (in the example quoted above) is an “opened” system, included makes some in a vaster system.

The human society is organized in an increasingly sophisticated way, at the same time more flexible and more institutionalized to adapt to the various technological changes, economic, social, cultural, etc That in spite of certain periods of Régression comparable with entropy, either in the form of return to rigidities and fundamentalisms, or with a certain anarchy.

On a scale much broader, the planet Ground is not either a closed system: it receives energy, primarily solar, and re-emits energy towards the universe. Solar energy is received in a form " ordonnée" (visible Light and Ultraviolet radiation), while re-emitted energy is more disordered (radiation Infra-rouge). It is that which makes it possible the matter on Earth not to evolve to forms increasingly more disordered (the second principle of thermodynamics is well checked once one takes account of the role of the Sun, including in the case of the evolution of the life).

See too

  • biological Emergence

  • Evolution
  • Adaptation

Simple: Negentropy

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