The Museion or Musée of Alexandria was a Musée belonging to the Bibliothèque of Alexandria. It was founded under the Dynastie of Ptolémées and closed by the patriarch Theophilus of Alexandria, under the orders of the emperor Theodosius in 391.

The Museion with the source of the modern term museum was a Temple dedicated to the Muses, also with Alexandria. At the time of its importation in France of the beginnings of the Modern times, the word indicated as much the community of scholar S assembled under the same roof as the collections, than one called Cabinet of curiosities.