The mural is the first history of painting. Humanity began with the parietal Art peintures murales of the caves, first signs transmitted between the men. Drawings, layouts, images of beauty, fear, magic. The wall, the wall was the first support of painting.

The support of the mural is the stone, the concrete, the brick, the plaster, the materials of architecture. The painter paints directly on the support or painted on fabrics which are then strengthened (stuck) on the walls.

The Fresque is a particular technique of the mural. The color is applied there to a lime plaster fresh ( fresco in Italian). The term of fresco is generally used improperly in the language running and indicates the mural in general and seldom the technique.

Definition

Mural, universal art

Everywhere in the world, of the parallel and sometimes intersected stories weave the history of the mural through all planet, with the wire of the centuries. The Aboriginals of Australia practiced it during thousands of years, the Egyptians, in their crowned places, the painters of the villas of Pompéi, the painters of the religious buildings, the populations of Yemen, the fresquists of the palates of the Rebirth, the militant painters official or protestors, the artists of the contemporary painted walls.

These paintings decorate the walls of the caves as well as ceilings of churches and palate, the habitat deprived like the frontages of buildings, the steamers as well as the car parks, the restaurants, the museums, the staircases, the alcoves, the corridors, the halls, the living rooms, the offices, the factories, the work places, the public buildings, of some dimensions that it is.

Wall of the caves, then built wall, interior wall of the habitat and external wall in the city, arch, ceiling, cupola, the mural remains always great allied architecture. Familiar wall, it in the middle of our is lived and our environment.

Field of the mural

The mural testifies to the concerns of each time, art public or deprived, laic or religious, popular or élitiste, playing a social role, even political. The mural is interdependent of architecture, it is the prolongation and for this reason, the perspective is its tool for the third dimension.

The mural can better and differently than publicity to develop and mark the entries of city, to create reference marks, to identify places. It supports the expression, the social link. Field of public art, the imagination of its artists and its decision makers.

This mural, popular art, art of craftsman, modest and ambitious enjoy the respect and the complicity of the spectator and remain ignored and often been unaware of cultural authorities.

In the world

Germany

The Berlin Wall, built in 1961 to separate East Berlin from West Berlin at the time of the Cold war, was the support many paintings, which disputed in particular its presence.

After its destruction in 1989, the major part of the Wall disappeared, but of the fragments were preserved by private individuals (Mauerspecht, peak of wall ), by the German State and other countries (the European Parliament with Brussels; strong Langley of the CIA to the the United States; Center world commerce, with Montreal).

The most known remainder of the Wall is located along the Spree, between the station of the East and the bridge of the Oberbaum, which spans Spree. It was not part of the external wall, but of what one called the wall of the back-country, which separated the border zone from GDR with East Berlin. In 1990, it was transformed by international artists into “East Side Gallery” and was classified historic building. There was no wall external to this place, because the border was located on opposite bank of Spree.

Another fragment of the wall (real) is along Niederkirchnerstraße, in the district centers, near the House of Commons of Berlin. It was also classified historic building in 1990.

France

  • Roquebrune on Argens: not far from Roquebrune on Argens, with Frejus, on the place February (place of the town hall) one can admire horn the eye of great quality.

  • Paris: many a Trompe-l'oeil and Pochoir S decorates the walls of the capital . The period of May 1968 saw the blossoming of multiples Graffiti S protestors and of paintings on the walls, in particular, of Paris and the Sorbonne.

  • Toulouse: many a Murals and famous Graffitis enrich the walls by Toulouse since the years 1990. Miss Kat, Miss Van and Fafi is graffeuses the most popular of the pink city.
  • Lyon: many mural frescos, enter others the fresco of the Lyoneses on the edges of the Saone, the wall of the Silk workers and the fresco Lumière . To also see, with the district of the United States, the frescos dedicated to Tony Garnier, Lyons great architect.

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