Municipe

The municipe is one of the possible statutes for a city of the ancient Roman world, lower than that of colony. It succeeds at a community pérégrine. The principal characteristic of these cities was to move itself.

In general, the municipes can lay out of the Latin Droit or the Roman law, their free inhabitants thus enjoy the Roman Citoyenneté partial or complete.

  • Municipe of Roman citizens / Municipium Civium Romanorum : municipe of first level, in which the citizens have the complete citizenship Roman ( Civitas optimo iure ), which included the right to vote.

  • the second level of Municipe is formed by the tribal centers. If the inhabitants did not have the full Roman citizenship, its notable could have it and was subjected to the Roman law. Like the citizens, they were to discharge the military tax and duties, but did not have the right to vote. A municipe was controlled by a council elected four times the year.

Historiography

inscriptions, found in Spain (Malaga and Irni) inform about the organization of the municipes under the Empire. The Lex Irnitana , appeared in 1986 in the Newspaper off Romance Studies and in the epigraphic Year , watch all importance of public finances in the operation of the cities and their bonds with Rome.

The municipal institutions are copied from the Roman model: a local Senate, the College of Décurions , elects Duumvirs (equivalent of the Consul S in Rome) for one year. The exercise of a load in a municipe gives then access to the college of the Décurion S of this municipe.

Modern interpretation

See Municipality.

In France, Swiss and Tunisia, it is the organization of a commune; with the Canada it is the name of a corporation in charge of the administration of the local businesses.

In Romania, it is a big city with a particular role inside an administrative subdivision. Sometimes it is a city which has a total autonomy compared to the administrative subdivision in which it is placed. There is only one city with this privilege, it is it is the municipe of Bucharest.

In Belgium, certain communes made up of only one locality carry in Latin the title of municipium . For example, the commune of Saint-Gilles-lez-Brussels is called Municipium Sancti Ægydii Obbruxelæ .

Cities

Very many cities accepted the statute of municipe, with measurement of the extension of the Roman world. Some municipes known in the Roman provinces:

See too

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