Multinational force and observers in the Sinai
FMO ( Force Multinational of Observer in the Sinai ), in English: MFO , Multinational Forces and Observers ) is an organization independent, entry in activity the April 25th 1982 and installation by the peace treaty of Camp David and Traité of Washington of the March 26th 1979 (between Israel and the Egypt), like by the Protocole of August 3rd, 1981 between the two countries.
Its mission is to control the application of the treaty in the the Sinai.
History
March 26th, 1979, whereas Egypt and Israel prepared to sign the Camp David agreements, they fell from agreement on the need for the deployment of an international force of Maintien of peace in the peninsula of the Sinai, where the two countries had been made the war with five recoveries since 1948. They also knew that the Soviet Union and certain Arab countries would be opposed to the deployment of a Gripping force of the peace of UNO, which put in danger the treaty before even as he is not concluded.
The history of the Multinational force and observers begin the very same day with the sending from two letters identical by the President from the United States Jimmy Carter to the Israeli Prime Minister, Mr. Menahem Begin, and with the Egyptian president, Mr. Anouar el-Sadate, letters which stressed the commitment of Washington to help the two nations to continue to work in favor of peace after the signature of the agreement negotiated under the aegis of the United States and promised to assist them, if need be, to create a force different of maintenance of peace for the Sinai.
In May 1981, after nearly two years of debates, the Organization of The United Nations announced that it would not provide Blue helmets for the Sinai. Egypt and Israel began the negotiations then and, with the active support of the United States, established the Multinational force and observers in the Sinai in 1982 as an international organization independent of maintenance of peace.
Organization
Having its seat with Rome, the Multinational force and observers in the Sinai have liaison offices with the Cairo (Egypt) and with Tel Aviv (Israel) as well as a network of 35, checkpoint control towers and observation post along a narrow band length of the oriental party of the Sinai.Not raising of the United Nations, it is financed mainly by the United States, Egypt and Israel.
It is made up of 1700 to 1800 soldiers including 15 French like 600 civilians representing 11 countries. It can evolve/move only by one agreement between the two ex-belligerents.
It has two camps, one in north with El Gorah and the other in the south beside Charm el-Cheikh.
The soldiers are American, French, Australian, Canadian, Colombian, Fijian, Hungarian, Italian, New Zealand, Uruguyan and Norwegian. The Netherlands partcipé has this force until 1995.
The United States incorporated a Bataillon Infanterie extremely of 425 men to the MFO in the south of the Sinai as well as a personnel of support of 235 people, including doctors and specialists in the mine clearance, its members come from the National guard of the United States since 2002.
Two additional battalions, one of Colombia and the other of Fiji, are deployed in north and three buildings of the Italian Marine patrol the coasts of the Sinai, guaranteeing the freedom of navigation in the Détroit of Tiran and the access to the Golfe of Aqaba.
Internal bonds
- Forces Frenchwoman out of the metropolis
External bonds
- Official site of the FMO
- http://www.operationspaix.net/-FMO-
- http://www.phila-colmar.org/article.php3?id_article=97
- http://lois.justice.gc.ca/fr/F-29.4/DORS-90-700/106445.html
- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/marcomili/nouv12.htm
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