Multilingualism

The word multilingualism (like plurilingualism ) described the fact that a person or a community is multilingual (or multilingual ), i.e. it is able to be expressed in several Langue S. In particular one speaks in particular about Bilinguisme even of Trilinguisme when two languages even three languages return in consideration.

On the other hand the word Monolinguisme (sometimes unilinguism) describe the fact of being monolingual, i.e. of speaking a single language.

The multilingualism is perceived by those which defend it as a solution with the problem of the disappearance of many the Langue S. This problem threatens the Cultural diversity of the world, by dedicating to disappearance a number of Langue S very important, which however consists of as many different ways to see, to apprehend, classify and establish relations between the things. It is known indeed that 90% of the Langue S are threatened of extinction, because they should disappear within 50 years.

Difficulty of implementation in the European Union

There exists an official political multilingualism in the European Union. However, the results of this policy are not today with the height of the hope: delivered to themselves, Europeans turned logically to the language which they consider “most useful”, the English (see).

It is actually about a solution of facility, because the vocabulary of the English language comprises for half of the words of Latin origin, and for half of the words of origin saxonne. It is thus easier to refer to documents structured directly in English in sessions of work, then translated in various languages.

This attitude, however foreseeable, largely contributed to make progress the influence of this language on the world plan. Ironically, European laissez-faire especially benefitted the commercial interests from the the United States of America, while enabling them to export their songs, their films and their books, at the expense of the regional national languages and of Europe, but also with the costs of the richness of the European Cultural heritage.

Alternatives

Built language

An alternative to the multilingualism perfect, is the multilingualism supported by the use of a language built such as the Esperanto or the Interlingua to provide the functions of language of communication lower costs, or language pivot. This solution, advised by the Report/ratio Grin, is being studied and is supported by more and more people.

Latin

Another solution would be the recourse to a formerly common language, like the Latin in Europe; it is the solution currently employed in the Arab world, where the Written Arabic is the Common language common to all the Arab countries (the vernacular Language local being the Arab dialect specific to each country).

Management of the multilingualism

See also: Management of the languages

In fact, if the multilingualism has difficulties today, it is rather because the Gestion of the languages is not truly assured on the Toile. ICANN and the English language exert a Hégémonie on the Fabric.

There exist methods, based on the use of Communautés of interest, of Standards of metadata, and services, which make it possible to adapt to the diversity of the languages employed in Europe and in the world. The language is a parameter which could be better managed, so that the Langages of beaconing frequently employed on the Toile (HTML, XML, and their alternatives) reach more effectively the computer's resources employed in the world in various languages.

See too

plurilingualism trilinguism

  • Monolinguisme

  • linguistic Bilingualism
  • Immersion
  • linguistic Impérialisme

Plurality of the languages

Political linguistics

Others

  • Esperanto
  • the diversity of the Langue S is regarded as one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit
  • Multilinguisme in Luxembourg

External bonds

  • foreign language instruction like public policy, report/ratio of the pr. François Grin
  • Statistical on the languages in Europe
  • European Observatory of the plurilingualism
  • Project for multilingual mutual comprehension in Americas
  • European Charter of the plurilingualism

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