Movement Canadian creditist

The movement Canadian creditist was a political movement with the Canada which based at the beginning on the theory of the social Crédit of the major C.H. Douglas. The members of the movement were made call creditists ; in English they were called the Socreds , for Social Credit . The movement reaches its top of popularity in the Années 1930, pushed by the Grande Depression.

Federal policy

The Parti social Credit Canada is formed in 1935, attracting itself the voters of the Parti progressist-conservative Canada and movement the United Farmers. At the time of the election of 1940, the creditists present themselves with the partisans of William Duncan Herridge under the banner Nouvelle Democracy, but they return to the name social Crédit in the subsequent elections. The party remains small, and undergoes a gradual decline.

In the Years 1960, the Québécois wing of the party is detached from the principal party to form the Ralliement creditist. Although the two wings of the party were refusionnées in 1971, the party ultimement loses all its parliamentary seats at the time of the election of 1980 and fall then into the lapse of memory.

Alberta

The ideology of the social credit is adopted by the reverend “ Bill bible; ” William Aberhart, which forms the Parti social Credit Alberta while being based on the theories Douglas and the values preserving Christian. He is elected Prime Minister of Alberta at the time of the provincial election of 1935. Its government probably was in the world to be only adhered to the ideology of the social credit. It tries to apply the principles of the theory by emitting “ certificates of properity ”, but this initiative is prohibited by the Supreme court of Canada while giving as reason that only the government of Canada has the right to emit a currency. Aberhart dies in the performance of its duties and is replaced by Ernest Manning, which gives up the ideology of the social credit and tries to purge the anti-semites party, by preserving however the name “ Credit social ”.

The Party social Credit of Alberta forms nine majority governments consecutive over one 36 years period, one of the longest reigns for a sole party in the history of Canada.

Colombia-British

In the Years 1930 and 1940, the movement creditist in Colombia-British is rather fragmented, made up of several small groups of which most important is the Social Credit League . The movement britanno-Colombian is in conflict with the wing albertaine and tries to outdistance religious positions of William Aberhart.

The movement takes indeed fine when W.A.C. Bennett is elected chief of the League in 1951. Bennett joint with movement in order to making use of it like political vehicle, and gives up the original ideology quickly; it reorganizes the movement to form the Parti social Credit the Colombia-British, preserving and populist.

The first government creditist as a Colombia-British is weak a minority, but they are elected with a majority Gouvernement one year later. After 20 years of majority governments, the party east demolishes by the Nouveau Democratic party of the Colombia-British. The NPD fills one mandate with the capacity, then the Party social Credit is renewed with the capacity for four other consecutive majority mandates under the son of W.A.C. Bennett, Bill Bennett. Bennett is succeeded by Bill Vander Zalm in 1986, but Vander Zalm is obliged to resign in 1991 and leaves the place to Rita Johnston.

The government creditist east demolishes by the NPD at the time of the election of 1991. The party is destroyed in the election of 1996 when it does not succeed in gaining only one seat with the legislative Assemblée and collects only 0,4% of the voices. A great number of the members of the party leave to join the Liberal party of the Colombia-British, who emerges in the Années 1990 as a new coalition of center-right in opposition to the NPD.

However, the Party social Credit always exists, as a marginal party. It introduces only two candidates in the election of 2001. Most extremely of these candidates, a former radio presenter of the name of Grant Mitton, collected 17% of the voices in his district; he leaves then the party to form the British Columbia Party.

Quebec

The movement also takes root with the Quebec. The first candidates Québécois creditists present themselves at the time of the federal election of 1940 under the banner of Nouvelle Démocracie, but none is elected. After the Second world war, Réal Caouette is elected with the House of Commons to the favor of a by-election under the banner of the Union of the voters. It loses its seat in the election of 1949. Caouette founds the Ralliement of the creditists in 1959. It makes a major breakthrough in the federal election of 1962, and the party remains in presence with the House of Commons, under various names, until in 1980.

The movement creditist never manages to form a provincial government in Quebec because of the predominance of the National union among social conservatives of the Années 1930 until the Années 1960. The Party social Credit becomes however a major player in Quebec for the seats at the federal Parliament in the Années 1960. Although Alberta and the Colombia-British send a handle of deputies creditists to the communes in this decade, it is Quebec which maintains the presence of the party at the federal level after 1962. The social Credit remains dominating in these two other provinces at the provincial level.

At the time of the federal election of 1962, the creditists gain 26 of the 75 seats in Quebec, exceeding the Parti progressist-conservative. They continue to place second at Quebec in terms of seats at federal until their last deputies are demolished with the Minority government of Joe Clark in 1980. The greatest part of the voice collected by the creditists in Quebec was of 27,3% at the federal level, and 11,2% at the provincial level.

The Québécois wing of the movement separates from the remainder of the party in 1963 to form a party credist only based in Quebec, the Ralliement of the creditists. As a conservative party on the social plan and nationalist, it attracts the votes of the voters who support the National union at the provincial level.

The party founds a provincial wing in 1970, the Ralliement creditist of Quebec, which benefits from the decline of the National union after the death of the Prime Minister Daniel Johnson in 1968. However, the rise of the Québécois separatism blocks any expansion of the provincial creditists: although the Parti Québécois is a social democrat party , it attracts itself the nationalist voters at the expense of the creditists.

At the time of the provincial election of 1970, the liberal gain 72 seats, followed by the National union with 17, and the Rallying creditist of Quebec with 12. The party is torn by internal dissensions for the remainder of its history, gaining only 2 seats at the time of the election of 1973 and only one at the time of the election of 1976, the last time that a creditist is elected with the National Assembly of Quebec.

There exists also a religious group, the Pèlerins of Saint Michel, with Rougemont (Quebec) which preaches the monetary policy of the social credit combined with catholic conservatism . The Pilgrims publish About Demain in French and The Michael Journal in English. The group was rested by Louis Even and Gilberte Side-Draper in 1939 and is called the “ berets blancs ” because of the cover-chiefs carried by its members.

Even and Mercier were also the founders of the Union of the voters in 1939, the party whose Réal Caouette separated the May 4th 1958 to form the Rallying of the creditists of Canada as a Québécois wing of the Parti social Credit Canada with itself as a chief.

New Brunswick

Movement the creditist does not manage to gain seats with the provincial legislative assembled . He organizes himself and takes part in the general election of 1948, but gains only 3,1% of the popular vote.

Manitoba

The Parti social Credit Manitoba manages to gain some seats with the legislative Assemblée of Manitoba, and was the third party in importance at various times. Of 1936 with 1940, the party supported the Minority government John Bracken, and in 1940 joint with the Coalition government of Bracken.

The party gains seats in seven of the ten provincial general elections behaviors between 1936 and 1973. In the general election of 1936, the creditists finish third, and in the election of 1941 they arrive at equality with two other parties in third position. However, they never manage to gain more than 14% of the voices in the province.

Saskatchewan

In Saskatchewan, the Parti social Credit makes elect deputies with the legislative Assemblée at the time of two elections: 2 in the election of 1938 and 3 in the election of 1956. In 1956, it is the third party with the Parliament. The Party never managed to gain more than 16% of the popular vote.

Ontario

The Party social Credit of Ontario remained a minor party which never managed to gain seats with the legislative Assemblée.

Other parties

Other political parties also preached the principles of the social credit, of which the Parti Christian creditist and the free trade Parti Canada, of John C. Turmel, as well as transitory the Parti Canada. The total Parti Canada also seems to preach the economic policies creditists.

The Parti Canadian Action preaches a certain form of monetary reform, but is not regarded as a party creditist.

Source

See too

Canadian Political parties

External bond

social Credit — the Canadian Encyclopedia

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