Montreuil (Seine-Saint-Denis)

See also: Montreuil

Montreuil is a common French located in the area Île-de-France. It is in addition the third most populated city area Île-de-France and first of the department of the Seine-Saint-Denis. Its inhabitants is called Montreuillois.

Denomination

The commune is frequently indicated, in the language running, under the denomination of use Montreuil-sous-Bois (even within the administrations). However, official name remains Montreuil (source: Geographical official code of INSEE).

Geography

The city is located in the suburbs is of Paris, in the south of the department. It is bordering on Paris and the the Valley-of-Marne.

One can distinguish Bas-Montreuil, in south-west, of Haut-Montreuil, in north and the east, which is a prolongation of the hillock of Romainville. Under the Calcareous layer which constitutes Haut-Montreuil, a layer of marnes rich in Gypse is accessible to open sky, which facilitated the digging of careers for the exploitation of the gypsum.

Montreuil obtained in 2004 its second flower by the National council of the Cities and flowered villages of France.

Description

The city is divided into several districts:
  • Bas-Montreuil (bordering on Bagnolet, Paris, Saint-Mandé and Vincennes), which joins together the old workshops, the Flea market, the city Beaumarchais, the République city, Robespierre, the shopping mall Grande Door, the church St-Andre, the Croix of Chavaux),
  • the district of the Town hall (the city Jean Moulin, the city of the hope, the malls, the town hall, the St-Pierre-St-Paul church),
  • the Valley (the park of Guilands, the city of the Valley), bordering on Bagnolet,
  • the Bel Air (the park of Beaumonts, the city of the Bel Air, the city of Large Pêchers),
  • Boissière (the North-East of Montreuil), bordering on Noisy-the-Dryness, Rosny-sous-Bois, Romainville,
  • the Montreau-Ruffin district (is of Montreuil), bordering on Rosny-sous-Bois and Fontenay-sous-Bois.

Montreuil is a city including/understanding 70% of districts made up of cities HLM, all built at the end of the Années 1960, beginning 1970. Housing stock HLM reappears today, with the construction of some buildings, equipped with a more human and less systematic architecture. 20% of the city are represented by the residences and houses, 5% by sports complexes and parks and 5% for unused factories and empty workshops.

It reigns in Montreuil a very particular atmosphere, thanks to the mixture of the cultures and the ethnos groups, and with its intense cultural activity and artistic, maintained since the years.

The line of the Parisian subway goes from town hall of Montreuil to bridge of Sevres.

The line of the Parisian subway, which goes from Château of Vincennes to Defense passes close to Montreuil by the station Saint-Mandé (in the past Saint-Mandé - Turret).

The line of the Parisian subway, connecting Gallieni to Pont of Levallois passes close to Montreuil by the terminus Gallieni.

The line of the Parisian subway will be prolonged and will serve two stops with Montreuil: Boissière and inter-commune Hospital, in Haut-Montreuil (district of Boissière).

The Ligne 1 of the Parisian tram (known as T1) must be prolonged to have 4 stops with Montreuil, between the districts of Boissière and Montreau-Ruffin: Road of Romainville, Aristide Briand, Street of Rosny and Theophilus Sweat. It is the subject however of a dissension with the town hall of Noisy-the-Dryness, opposed to the current way.

The extensions of lines T1 and would be accompanied by the installation of shuttles between the various stations.

List districts: Currently there are 14 districts with Montreuil.

  • Bas-Montreuil République
  • Bas-Montreuil Etienne Marcel Chanzy
  • Bas-Montreuil Bobillot
  • the Closed Valley French
  • Villier Barbusse
  • Signac Murs with Fishings
  • Solidarité Carnot
  • Center-ville
  • Jean Moulin Beaumont
  • Brought back Léo Lagrange
  • Branly Boissière
  • Bel air large pechers Renan
  • Ruffins Theophilus Sueur
  • Montreau Morillon

History

The name of Montreuil would come from Monasteriolum ( small monastery in Latin). The existence of such a locality is attested as of 722 in an ordinance of the king mérovingien Thierry IV. Another possible etymology would be an agglutination of monticulum (the mount) and - ialo (grubbing, clearing).

As in the majority of the neighborhoods of Paris, the market gardenings were particularly important there. On the slopes, Montreuillois produced Raisin and especially fishings  : the neighborhoods of the 17th century, the invention of the Murs to fishings made it possible to increase the production by protecting the trees from the cold. The fishings of Montreuil became famous and supplied the tables of the sovereigns of Europe until the beginning of the 20th century.

As from the 12th century, thanks to the proximity of the Castle of Vincennes, Montreuil accepted regularly the visit of kings de France. Saint Louis came to request with the Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul church, and Charles V as his wife Jeanne de Bourbon were baptized in this church. At the time Montreuil included the future sites of Bagnolet and Vincennes.

The water provision of the castle of Vincennes was ensured by sources located at Montreuil. In exchange of the maintenance of these sources, Montreuillois profited from certain remissions of taxes.

After the displacement of the Court with Fontainebleau then with Versailles, Montreuil falls little by little into the lapse of memory. It undergoes rather than it does not take part in the Révolution, then crosses the Terreur and the disorders of the end of the 18th century.

The 19th century sees to be established industries with Montreuil : factories of transformation of wood and skins, of manufacture of toys, and briquetteries and plaster works which exploit the gypsum of the basement montreuillois. In 1871 many are Montreuillois which fights at the sides of the Communards.

In 1876 Montreuillois Emile Reynaud invents the Praxinoscope. In 1896, another Montreuillois, Georges Méliès, built in Montreuil the first movie studios in the world. The brothers Light and Charles Pathé, in 1904, also had workshops there. One will turn there some of great successes of the beginning of the century: Christophe Colomb , Fire of the theater of Chicago , With the conquest of pole of Méliès, Gribiche of Jacques Feyder, a leghorn hat of Clear Rene… and the site will see the beginnings of large actors like Charles Vanel. The cinema will thrive in the city until its fall on arrival of speaking.

Montreuil was the first city of the Paris region to being released the August 19th 1944, by several hundreds of militants, after violent one engagements against the German occupying army.

Between the Years 1950 and 1970, social housing in the shape of apartment buildings are built in mass to face the request. The city concentrates a very important community Malian. She will know, in a less accentuated way, the known social problems of the department. With the turning of the century, Montreuil undergoes a phenomenon of " gentryfication" and a new category of young easy townsmen, rejected attracts capital by the financial speculation, who renovate of old buildings of Bas-Montreuil, changing little by little the sociological composition of the city.

Demography

Administration

The city is divided into three cantons:

Montreuil belongs to the urban Unité and the urban Aire of Paris (1999) .

List mayors of Montreuil

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Twinnings

Economy

Approximately 3.000 companies are established on the commune of Montreuil. Their distribution by sector is of:
  • 15% in the industrial sector: located mainly in Bas-Montreuil, they are the continuation of a history started at the 19th century (see the section Histoire ).
  • 10% in the craft industry; of which a sector of the well marked building.
  • 45% of services: banks, insurances, communication, engineering. The companies of the Multimédia are one of the specialities of Montreuil.
  • 30% of trade.

Popular city and of sores, Montreuil accommodates certain linked activities with the new consumption : the shops bio " New Robinsons " , or the seat of the label of Equitable trade Max Havelaar - France. Since 2005, the French Agency for the development and promotion of the Organic farming settled there, and in 2007, the agricultural offices (corn, milk, meat…), which represents 2.000 paid, will also settle there after their reform.

Montreuil is a city which declares " Zone except AGCS ".

Personalities related to the commune

born in the commune (chronological order)

bound to the commune

  • Pierre de Montreuil, architect, originator of the the Ste Chapelle

  • Saint Louis
  • Charles V
  • Georges Méliès, realizer
  • Jacques Duclos, appointed district of 1936 with 1958
  • Jean-Marc Thibault, actor
  • Sim, singer and actor
  • Salif Keïta, African musician
  • ARIANE Ascaride, Soft actress
  • Diouf, actor
  • Lino Ventura, actor
  • Jean-Pierre Daroussin, actor
  • Jacques Brel, singer
  • Nathan, Marcel and Bernard Darty, tradesmen, founders of the stores of the same name.
  • Joel Robuchon, cook
  • Serge Reggiani, actor and singer
  • Dominique Voynet, political woman, lives the commune
  • Michel Jazy, French athlete, one of the best runners of the history of the medium-distance race in France.
  • Claude Perraudin (1948/2001) guitarist and type-setter who worked with Jacques Dutronc, Claude Francois, Serge LAMA.
  • Olivier Thomert, footballer
  • Family Hornec, gangster godfathers, owners of several houses and grounds in the district of Brought back

Culture

  • the Musée of the alive History presents temporary exhibitions on the history of Montreuil or in bond with the city, since 1939.
  • the cinema Georges Méliès is one of the cinemas of Art and the most attended Essai is Parisian.
  • Montreuil accommodates every year the Salon of the book and the press youth.
  • mural decorations (ceramic and frescos) of the school complex Voltaire by the painter Maurice Boitel (1954).
  • the mayor of Changchun, Mr. Cui Jie, inaugurated on August 27th, 2007 on the esplanade Jean Moulin, which occurred Jean Moulin, a statue of the sculptor Wang Keqing. This statue out of bronze and tin, a 3,06 m height, is entitled the calligrapher Fu Mi .

Artistic evocations

  • In 28, boulevard Aristide-Briand , Patrick Besson evokes his youth with Montreuil around May 1968.

Gallery

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