Middle jazz

See also: Swing

The middle jazz (“jazz of the medium”) is current musical Jazz which takes its rise in the middle of the Twenties and goes until the advent of the Be-bop in the Forties. It is especially characterized by the development of the full orchestras and Big band S and of the swing. By extension, this current is also called “era of the big bands”, “time of the swing” or quite simply “swing”.

Characteristics

An element of the middle jazz is the appearance of the full orchestras and of the Big band S, with in particular the development of the sections of Cuivre S, and particularly of the Saxophone S. Each orchestra acquires an identity and a color which is clean for him, especially thanks to the work of the Arrangeur S and the leaders which adapt the compositions to the personality of the orchestra, even of each Musicien. In spite of the important manpower of these orchestras, they leave with Soliste S of talent the possibility of being expressed during long solos. But the element most characteristic of this current is the adoption by these orchestras of the style swing, based on the repetition of rythmées short phrases: the front S.

Evolution

The movement middle jazz was started by Louis Armstrong which in 1927 and 1928, with its two units, the Hot Five and Hot Seven, establishes the orchestra like a support for the Soliste. Armstrong joined a few months later Fletcher Henderson which had inaugurated the full orchestra in 1927. Two of the major actors of this current were undoubtedly Count Basie which, after having joined the orchestra of Benny Moten in 1929, becomes the chief about it after his death in 1935 and Duke Ellington which starting from 1927 makes evolve/move its small orchestra of the Washingtonians in a famous Big band. In 1935, the Clarinettist Benny Goodman, called the “king of the swing”, form its own orchestra and does not hesitate to engage Fletcher Henderson.

This time saw also appearing characteristic soloists as the Saxophoniste Coleman Hawkins which while entering in 1922 the orchestra of Fletcher Henderson were the first to give its place of honor to the sax tenor, the other Saxophoniste tenor Lester Young which joined Count Basie, the Chanteuse S Billie Holiday and Ella Fitzgerald, or the Pianiste S Fats Waller and Art Tatum.

The current will be blown with the emergence of the Bebop, but its principles will be taken again in the middle of the Fifties in the Mainstream.

Some representatives of the middle jazz

Leaders

Musicians

See too

Random links:Lake-of-Red-trouts | Court of Appeal of Montpellier | Kingdom of Hardanger | Otto Wächter | David Norris | Rolling_Hills,_Kentucky