Middle-class Leon
Leon Victor Auguste Bourgeois , born with Paris the May 21st 1851 and died in Paris the September 29th 1925), is a Politician French, prize winner of the Nobel Prize of peace in 1920.
Biography
It makes studies of right, then goes voluntary for the defense of Paris Siège of Paris (1870) where he is twice medal-holder in the artillery legion. After a short lawyer career, it enters the prefectoral administration, successively occupying the positions of secretary general of the prefecture of the Marne (1877), sub-prefect of Rheims (1880), prefect of the Tarn (1882), prefect of the Haute-Garonne (1885) and finally prefect of police of Paris (1887).The following year, he is elected appointed radical of the Marne against the general Boulanger.
He is named under-secretary of State in the Gouvernement Charles Floquet then occupies, as from 1890, of the important ministerial positions. Its course public is rich of prestigious station and titles:
1880 Sub-prefect of Rheims. 1882 Prefect of the Tarn 1883 General secretary of the Prefecture of the Seine. 1885 Prefect of the Haute-Garonne 1886 Personnel manager to the Ministry for the Interior 1887 Personnel manager to the Ministry for the businesses departure. and Com. 1887 Prefect of police in Paris 1888 Deputy of the Marne 1888 Under-secretary of State inside 1889 Deputy of Rheims 1890 Minister of Interior Department 1890 Minister for the State education and the Art schools 1892 Minister for Justice. 1893 Deputy of Rheims 1894 President of the League of Teaching until 1898 1895 President of the Council 1895 Minister of Interior Department 1895 Foreign Minister 1898 Minister for the State education and the Art schools 1899 Delegated France to the International Congress of Arbitration of $the Hague 1900 President the Company of social education 1902 President of the House of Commons 1903 Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration of $the Hague 1905 Senator of the Marne 1906 Minister for the businesses foreign 1912 Minister for Labor 1914 Foreign Minister 1915 minister of state 1915 Senator of the Marne 1916 precaution and Minister for Labor 1917 Minister of state and member of the committee of war 1919 First president of the Company of the Nations. 1920 Nobel Prize of Peace 1920 President of the Senate
It succeeds Paul Deschanel with the presidency of the House of Commons of the June 10th 1902 with the January 12th 1904. He becomes senator of the Marne in 1905 and he is in particular president of the Sénat January 14th 1920 with the February 16th 1923.
He plays a big role in the vote of the law on the working retirements and country-women in 1910.
Foreign Minister, it represents the France with the Conférence of Algeciras, preparing the Protectorat French on the Morocco. Its diplomatic activity prepares the creation of the Société of the Nations, of which he is the first president in 1919. This will to control the relations between States is worth the to him Nobel Prize of peace in 1920.
In interior policy, one holds Leon Bourgeois for one of the theorists of the Radicalisme. Its political program, the “Solidarism”, was registered between the individualistic Libéralisme and the Socialisme collectivist. He wrote in the new Revue , suggesting the principle of a “social duty” that each one should fill.
He was in addition an influential member of the Grand the East of France. Paul Anxionnaz, Large Master of the the Great East of France, declared in 1967: “If we, Freemasons of the Great East of France, dedicate a worship particular to its memory, it is because he is undoubtedly not thinker, writer, man of action whose very whole work was with more an high degree impregnated of maconnic thought and fraternity. ”
Quotations
- “No harmony without the order, not order without peace, not peace without freedom, not freedom without justice. ” (For the Company of the Nations)
- “the parties are always late on the ideas. ”
External bond
- Portrait
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