Michel Barclay de Tolly
See also: Barclay
Michel Barclay de Tolly , known in Russia under the name of Mikhail Bogdanovich Barklay de Tolly (Михаи́лБогда́новичБаркла́й-де-То́лли), born the December 24th 1761 in Pamūšis, Livonie, of a family originating in Scotland, and dead the May 26th 1818 with Chernyakhovsk in Russia, is a Russian Général.
Wire of a Pasteur of the Livonie, he embraced, at 14 years, the military career and obtained a fast advance. Its military reputation goes back to 1807. Barclay de Tolly started to establish its reputation with a company of boldest: in 1809, it penetrated in Sweden while crossing on the ice the Gulf of Bothnia.
General of infantry in 1809; Minister for the War in 1810; it ordered, in 1812, the first army of Occident and directs in 1812 the countryside against Napoleon i. One allots the tactics of the burned ground to him which consisted in attracting the French in the middle of Russia for making there perish by the cold and.
If it is General-in-chief at the beginning of the countryside, it does not dare to face Napoleon and moves back to avoid the battle. It is replaced by Koutousof, and is seen forced to be useful under the orders of those to which it had initially ordered; it does not render from there less great services during the countryside, especially with the Bataille of Moskowa.
Replaced with the head of the Russian troops in 1813, after the Battle of Bautzen, it beats Vandamme with Kulm (in Bohemia). He denounced the July 27th the suspension of the amnesty.
He contributes strongly to the profit of the Bataille of Leipzig, the Alexandre emperor granted the title of count to him.
He penetrates in France, where he delivers several fatal combat, and receives the capitulation of Paris the March 30th 1814.
In reward of these services, it is named Feld-maréchal. It went, in July, with Warsaw, from where it went on the Rhine after March 20th. During the second invasion, it establishes its general headquarter with Châlons-sur-Marne. It was whereas it accepted the title of Prince.
He died the May 26th 1818, with Interbourg, while going to water Calsbad, in Bohemia.
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