Michel Aoun , (rear RTL ميشالعون) born on February 18th, 1935 with Harat Hurayk in the southern suburbs of Beirut, is a soldier and Lebanese politician . From September 22nd, 1988 to October 13rd, 1990, it occupies the post of head of the one of the two rival governments which dispute the capacity. Although constitutional and legal, the administration of Aoun collects however only little international recognition, but a great recognition on behalf of the Lebanese people.

Formation

Christian Maronite, of modest family and very nun, it attends schools Catholique S. Aoun finishes its studies in 1956 and engages with the Military academy as officer junior. Three years later, it obtains the rank of officer of Artillerie within the Lebanese Armée. It receives then additional formations at the School of application of Artillerie of Châlons-sur-Marne, in France (1958 - 1959), then with Fort Sill, in the Oklahoma with the the United States (in 1966) and with the University of war, in France (1978 - 1980).

Michel Aoun in the war of Lebanon

During the invasion of Lebanon by Israel in 1982, Aoun, then lieutenant-colonel, mobilize a battalion armed to defend the Presidential palace of Baabda, fearing that it is not the object of attacks. Then, at the time of the Lebanese civil war, in September 1983, the 8th brigade of Aoun fights successfully the militia of the Psp of (Walid Joumblatt), Palestinian and Syrian in the battle of Souq el-Gharb. In June 1984, Aoun is named Ordering Lebanese Armed forces. In September 1988, the outgoing president Amine Gemayel designates Michel Aoun like Prime Minister until the behavior of new elections. This nomination is however of a dubious validity, in contradiction with the national Pact of 1943 which holds the post of Prime Minister to Musulman S Sunnite S. Gemayel justifies this choice by the fact that the national Pact also holding the president's function with the Christians Maronites, and since the Prime Minister assumes the prerogatives of a president in interim period, a Maronite can be appropriate for this station in a temporary way. The Lebanese Constitution itself does not tackle this subject, points which will not be clarified before the Accord of Taef in 1989, which codifies the attribution of the stations of executive functions according to precise confessions.

Michel Aoun can then count on the support of 40% of the Lebanese Armée, including/understanding all heavy artillery, the militia of the Lebanese Forces directed by Samir Geagea, the liberal national Parti and his leader Dany Chamoun, the Party of the Druzes Libres and his leader Farid Hamadé as well as support of the Iraqi president Saddam Hussein allied at that time of the occident. Outgoing the Prime Minister Salim El-Hoss opposes Aoun under the pressure of the Syria. Two governments are formed, a civil government held by Al-Hoss in Beirut-West, and a soldier directed by Aoun with Beirut-Is. Aoun thus controls parts of the east of Beirut as well as zones bordering peripheral. In spring 1990, putting a term at its alliance with the Lebanese Forces, Aoun uses the army to tear off with these last the control of the ports which they held, with an aim of gathering customs funds for its government. Many observers suggest that the true reason of this attack against the Lebanese Forces was to encourage the Arab leaders to regard it as the true Head of the Lebanese State. Moreover, by attacking the Lebanese Forces, Aoun its detachment of the religious Community reflexes proves.

Following the attacks and the repeated attacks of the Syrian army, Aoun launches the " war of libération" the March 14th 1989. In the months which follow, the Lebanese Armée with Aoun and the forces Syrian exchanges artillery shootings in Beirut. Aoun then criticizes the American support for Syria, and approaches the Iraq, accepting the supplies of weapons of Saddam Hussein. In May 1989 it is aimed by an attack during a displacement at Cyprus.

In October 1989, of the members of the Lebanese National Assembly meet for the establishment of the Accord of Taef, with an aim of alleviating the Lebanese conflict but also of sitting the Syrian occupation. Aoun refuses to take share there, denouncing certain ambiguous points of the agreement, in particular about the Syrian occupation, as well as the politicians implying itself there (who were not elected since 1972 any more) and promulgates a decree which dissolves the National Assembly and this, with an aim of holding of new elections under cover of the United Nations. Let us note that Aoun has dissolves the National Assembly before the meeting of Taëf to confirm to the known as deputies since 1972 qu ' they do not represent more the Lebanese one. In fact, half of these deputies did not take part in the meeting of Taëf for reason of died or opposition to their colleagues pro-Syrians and pro-American. Its call is ignored by the international community and in the tread of the agreements of Taef, Rene Moawad is elected president by the Parliament in November. Its presidency holds only 17 days until its assassination, Elias Hraoui is then elected in its place. Hraoui designates the general Emile Lahoud as commander of the army and nap Michel Aoun to leave the Presidential palace. Aoun rejects its ousting and counter-attacks the attacks of the militia of the Lebanese Forces which he shows to secretly negotiate with the government pro-Syrian of Salim El-Hoss, in a conflict which extends from January to May 1990.

The position of Aoun worsens when Saddam Hussein lance the invasion of the Kuwait the August 2nd 1990. The the United States seek the support of the Arab countries to legitimate their intervention and the Syrian president Hafez el-Assad lines up then at their sides. In return, the United States accepts tacitly that Syria takes the control of Lebanon. The October 13rd 1990, Hafez el-Assad, combined since August of the Americans, the British and the French in the conflict of the Gulf, launches its troops to the attack of the free areas controlled by Aoun and the Presidential palace. The Aoun General, fallen at the first hours morning in a trap with the embassy from France, launches a call to the cease-fire. He is from now on under the protection of Rene Ala, the ambassador from France to Beirut as well as his faithful to combine the leader moderate Druze Farid Hamadé and his family. Exfiltré by Philippe Rondot (DGSE), ten months later, it leaves in exile to France. Prevented by the French authorities from carrying on any political activity, Michel Aoun surrounded by some faithful launches by procuration a political party, the Free patriotic current which will not have of cease to work for the release of Lebanon of the Syrian occupation.

Aoun after the end of the war

Since 1992, Michel Aoun chairs the Free patriotic current (CPL). The birth of the Current was done in an economic situation of pressure popular around resistance to the enemy military offensive, release, return to the capacity of the right and rebuilding of the nation. The Current gathers an elite of engaged militants, for the majority of the young people, the academics, lawyers, the engineers, of the doctors and the teachers, all voluntary in this fight for the attack of the national targets.

The January 29th 2005, Aoun declares that it could return to Lebanon to join the opposition to the government pro-Syrian. The February 14th 2005, an attack with the explosive kills the former Prime Minister of Lebanon Rafik Hariri. The Syrian intelligence services are shown finger by the opposition. This assassination marks the beginning of what some call the Révolution of the cedar, which leads at the beginning of the totality of the Syrian troops at the end of April 2005, to the return of the Aoun general to Lebanon and the exit of Samir Geagea of prison.

Aoun goes to Beirut the May 7th 2005 after 15 years of exile to France. The June 14th 2005, Michel Aoun is elected appointed of Kesrouan of the Mount-Lebanon. Its parliamentary block currently comprises 21 deputies. Other companions of combat will be able to turn over there never again, they will be buried in Paris. The combat for Lebanon continues.

Its block (Block of the change and the reform) form then only opposition to the current government of the Prime Minister Fouad Siniora.

The February 6th 2006, and after several months of negotiations between CPL and the Hezbollah, the general Michel Aoun meets Hassan Nasrallah (general secretary of the Hezbollah) to sign a document of agreement of 10 points relating to directly the future of the Lebanon. The principal points of this document of agreement are currently included in all the agreements of the Lebanese national dialog always in progress.

February 1st 2006, Michel Aoun, in the capacity as door word of all the opposition calls with the resignation of the Gouvernement Siniora at the time of a demonstration bringing together 800.000 people.

Michel Aoun hopes to present to the presidential election September 2007.

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