The mescaline (3,4,5-triméthoxyphénéthylamine) is a Alcaloïde used like Drogue Hallucinogène. Particular the hallucinogen effect of this substance includes it in the vast domain of the Enthéogène S. the mescaline can be of natural or synthetic source.

History

The first studies on mescaline go back to 1888, but the molecule was insulated and identified only in 1894 by the German Arthur Heffter and synthesized in 1919 by Ernst Späth.

Aldous Huxley discovers it with the psychiatrist Humphry Osmond in 1953 and following its eulogistic remarks, of many Psychiatre S will use it like means of investigation of the morbid thought.

Chemistry

It is close to the Adrénaline (they share the same base Phényléthylamine, which is a derivative of the Phénylalanine, an Amino-acid ). Its structure is also close to that of the Amphétamine.

Extraction

The molecule is present at the natural state in various cacti (family of the Cactacée S) of which the Lophophora williamsii (or peyotl), the Trichocereus pachanoi (San Pedro) and the Trichocereus peruvianus (peruvian torch).

It is possible to extract mescaline while making dry the buttons then by making them soak in Méthanol during a Journée, to filter the result then, to let methanol evaporate. The powder obtained is then treated with Chloroforme and Hydrochloric acid to extract the Alcaloïde S.

A less advanced process consists in cooking the buttons in a pressure-cooker.

Synthesis

The mescaline can be synthesized starting from 3,4,5-triméthoxybenzaldehyde, of acetic nitromethane, cyclohexylamine and Acid in the form of white crystals.

Pharmacology

The half-life is about 6 a.m. The greatest part is eliminated by the urines.

It acts like an antagonist on the receivers of Sérotonine.

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