Mendes Cabeçadas

Biography

Jose Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior , generally known like Mendes Cabeçadas , (Loulé, August 19th 1883 - Lisbon, June 11th 1965), was a Naval officer Portuguese, republican Franc-maçon and , having played an important role in the preparation of the revolutionary movements (the Revolution of the October 5th 1910 and the coup d'etat of the May 28th 1926) which created and destroyed the First Republic. It occupied the posts of ninth President of Portugal (the first of the military Dictature) and of Prime Minister for one short period (of the May 31st to the June 19th 1926).

Mendes Cabeçadas was one of the persons in charge of the revolt aboard the ship Adamastor during the republican revolution of 1910. Nevertheless, the mode which it had helped to set up disappointed it soon. In 1926, it carried out the revolution against the First Republic after Gomes da Costa had initiated it with Braga. The Prime Minister António Maria da Silva resigned the May 30th and the following day May 31st the president Bernardino Machado appointed it Prime Minister. The same day, the president also resigned and Mendes Cabeçadas assumed the role of President of the Republic.

It was a moderate revolutionist and he thought possible to form a Gouvernement which would not call into question the constitutional mode, but without influence on the Democratic party. However, the other revolutionists (whose Gums da Costa and Óscar Carmona) considered it inefficient and at a meeting with Sacavém the June 17th 1926, forced it to give up its positions of president of the Republic and President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) in favor of Gomes da Costa.

He then joined the opposition to the mode for the third time, implied himself in several revolutionary attempts and signed several proclamations against the dictatorship until his death in 1965 for the period directed by António de Oliveira Salazar known like the Estado Novo (the New State).

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