Mazingarbe is a common French, located in the department of the Pas-de-Calais and the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais. It belongs to the Communauté of agglomeration of Lens - Liévin (Communaupole) which gathers 36 common S, is 250.000 inhabitants.

Geography

History

Geology

Mazingarbe occupies the north-western part of the plain of Lens traditionally called Gohelle, intermediate chalky plain between the hills of Artois and the Low-Country. Two small valleys cross it: one in extreme cases western, known as the Marsh of Bray; the second is that of the Sucker, brook which is born in Aix-Noulette and runs south in north.

Prehistory

During thousand-year-old IVe before J. - C., Mazingarbe accommodates its first inhabitants: Neolithic farmers who cultivated cereals and raised sheep, pigs and oxen. One found many cut flints going back to this time.

Gallic

Several archaeological excavation campaigns updated a consequent furniture (potteries, tiles of believed clay, tools and jewels, bones calcined, etc), witness of an important occupation of the site at the beginning of our era with establishment of a villa (farm) with the locality the Marsh of Bray.

This Gallo-Roman farm would have been destroyed in a fire in second half of the 3rd century.

The Middle Ages with the Revolution

It is into 1046 that the village enters the history. It is indeed on this date that it is mentioned a villa of Mazengarba confirmed by the Count of Flanders Bauduin V as being possession of the abbey of Marchiennes. The field and its grounds remain monastic property until the Revolution. Under the Old Mode, the population is primarily agricultural. Like the majority of the cities and villages of Artois, Mazingarbe had to undergo the devastations of the invasions, wars and plunderings, epidemics of plague, fires and winter very rigorous. In 1790, one counts 328 inhabitants there. Invaluable Albums of Croÿ dating from the beginning of the 17th century at that time transmits to us a more or less faithful representation of Mazingarbe: a modest small village collected around its church.

Representation of Mazingarbe in the Album of Croÿ (beginning XVIIe)

The Mine

Mazingarbe counts yet only 800 hearts before the opening into 1859 of its first coal mine shaft, the n°2. One opens then the pits n°6 (1876) and n°7 (1877). The population develops then with the same speed as industry, the city accommodating on several occasions waves of workmen immigrant, initially Belgian, then Italian and especially Polish. The creation of a treatment plant and transformation of the coal into 1896 which will become later a great chemical complex, considerably will develop the commune and will divide its territory at the same time (center town, the cities 2,3,7 and those of the Ewes).

The Pit n°2 before 1914. Located in edge of the railway line Hazebrouck-Arras, at the Mazingarbe border - Bully the Mines, it is initially surmounted by a head-frame of oak. She suffers enormously from the bombardments of the Great War.

Wars

Mazingarbe suffers heavy damage at the time of the Great War. The face is only at two kilometers, close to Vermelles.

Ewes: bombardments under the war 14-18.

The second world war does not save either the city, an air raid on the city of the Ewes in September 1943 makes 27 victims. The factories are also the target of allied aviation.

Sources:

Booklets of the Historical Committee of Mazingarbe. http://monsite.wanadoo.fr/com.hist.mazingarbe site

A. Middle-class man: Mazingarbe, of the origins to the Revolution. in Gauhéria n° 37 - June 1997.

Administration

|- | March 2001 || ||Bernard Urbaniak|| || |- | June 1995 || ||Bernard Urbaniak|| || |-| || || || | February 1989 || ||Bernard Urbaniak|| || |-| || || ||

Demography

Places and monuments

Historic buildings

• Vault Saint-Hubert (cad. At 2051): inscription by decree of March 28th, 1977

• Vault Saint-Roch (cad. At 1245): inscription by decree of March 28th, 1977

Information resulting from: Databases Ministry for the culture

Personalities related to the commune

See too

• Common of the Pas-de-Calais

External bonds

• the official site of the city
• Site of a historian of the city
• the site of Communaupole de Lens-Liévin
• Mazingarbe on the site of the national geographical Institute
• Mazingarbe on the site of INSEE
• Mazingarbe on the site of Quid
• Localization of Mazingarbe on a chart of France and communes bordering
• Plane on Mazingarbe on Mapquest

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