For the town of Mauthausen, to see the article Mauthausen (city)

The camp of Mauthausen , or simply Mauthasen is a Concentration camp founded by the mode Nazi of the IIIe Reich. It is also known after the summer 1940 pennies the name Mauthausen-Gusen and developed to become the one of greatest complexes concentrationnaires Nazis, with several camps built around the villages of Mauthausen and Gusen and many additional camps.

The first camp opens in August 1938 after the Anschluss, not far from the village of Mauthausen, located on bank of the the Danube, to 22 km downstream (is) of Linz in High-Austria.

In addition to the 4 camps located at Mauthausen and in the surroundings of Gusen, more than 50 additional camps, located in Austria and in the south of Germany depended on the complex of Mauthausen, using the prisoners like labor. Among the additional camps of the KZ Mauthausen careers, factories of ammunition were, mines, and assembly arms factories of planes.

In January 1945, the whole of the camps directed from the central office of Mauthausen, gathered more than 85.000 prisoners. It is difficult to know the exact number of deportees died in the complex of Mauthausen. According to the Friendly one of Mauthausen and the historians, one estimates that more than 118.000 people were exterminated there (shot, gazées, etc), off-set of all the countries of Europe, resistant, Juifs, Tziganes… It is more half of the deportees with Mauthausen who did not survive it

The 2 principal camps Mauthausen and Gusen I was the two only camps of the system concentrationnaire Nazi in Europe classified " Camps of III" level; , which meant that they were intended to be the hardest camps for the " Incorrigible political enemies of Reich". Mauthausen was more particularly intended for elimination by the work of intelligentsia opposed to the Nazi regime.

These camps were among the last with being released by the Allies in May 1945. The camp of Mauthausen was the last camp to be released by the American forces the May 5th 1945. Its appendices were discovered and thus released only later, like Ebensee, the May 6th.

The camp of Mauthausen

The principal camp is located on the place of the greatest career of Granite of Austria, Wienergraben, in a landscape of dream crushed by the summits.

The career employed deportees to exterminate them by work; they were to carry heavy stones and after a hard day to go back to the hutments by sadly celebrates staircase of 186 unequal steps, under the blows of the S and of the Kapo S. That which bent was immediately cut down. Others are sent in the 60 additional camps, or commandos, are disseminated through all the territory.

5.000 deportees were exterminated in the Gas chambers of Mauthausen, of Gusen, in especially fitted out vehicles. 5.000 others were sent and gauzes to the " Institute of euthanasie" of Hartheim

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