Maurice Duruflé

Maurice Duruflé , born with Louviers (the Eure) the January 11th 1902 and died in Louveciennes the June 16th 1986, is a Organiste and Compositeur French.

Biography

Child, it attends the school of chorus-singers of the Cathédrale of Rouen to study there the choir singing, the piano and the organ. At 17 years it leaves to Paris to study there the organ with Charles Tournemire; it integrates into 18 years the Conservatoire of Paris. It studies there the composition with Charles-Marie Widor and Paul Dukas and the organ with Eugene Gigout. For obscure reasons, it has a disagreement with Gigout later but towards the end of its life will laconically describe it like “an excellent man, a point it is all”.

Between 1922 and 1928, it gains several prices of which those of pianistic composition, accompaniment, harmony and organ. In 1927 he becomes assistant of Louis Vierne with Notre-Dame de Paris. Vierne hoped sincerely that Duruflé succeeds to him but the authorities were dissatisfied with Vierne and, with its death, it is a qualified organist though not preceded Leonce of Saint Martin's day which is named in its place. At all events, it is Duruflé which was at the sides of Vierne to the desk of Notre Dame when Vierne dies suddenly during its 1750e recital in the cathedral.

In 1929, Duruflé gains the price of the " Friends of the orgue" , for organ and improvisation and it obtains the titular post of organist to the Église Saint-Etienne-of-Mount of Paris. Its opus 3 Prelude, Recitatif and Variations for flute, viola and piano was given for the first time by Marcel Moyse, Maurice Vieux and Jean Doyen.

He gives the first of the Concerto for organ of Poulenc under the direction of Roger Désormière in 1939. As from 1942, it assists Marcel Dupre in the classes of organ of the Academy of Paris.

In 1947, he writes his most famous work, the Requiem COp 9 , for chorus, soloists, orchestra and organ which is played for the first time by Paul Paray. The Requiem present of the similarities with that of Fauré but also is very influenced by the Gregorian chant and the Musique of the Rebirth. For example, the topic of the opening in the Introit-Kyrie is borrowed Missa pro defunctis of Duarte Lobo. The part was worked over again in two other versions and thus exists today in three versions: for symphony orchestra, for simple orchestra and one with organ (which includes/understands a solo obligato for violoncello in the Pie Jesu ). Its mass Cum Jubilo also exists in these three versions.

The organist Marie-madeleine Chevalier becomes his assistant with Saint-Etienne-of-Mount in 1947. He marries it in 1953 at the 51 years age.

There ceases playing in 1975 after being seriously wounded in an car accident and remains then confined in its apartment.

Its last work published in 1977 Our-Father for 4 mixed votes is dedicated “to Marie-madeleine Duruflé”

Compositions

Organ alone

  • Scherzo COp 2 (1926)
  • Prelude, Adagio and Choral varied on Veni Creator COp 4 (1930)
  • Continuation COp 5 (1932):
    • Prelude
    • Sicilian
    • Toccata
  • Prelude and Fuge on the name of Alain COp 7 (1942)
  • Prelude on Introït of the Epiphany COp 13 (1961)
  • Running away on Cathedral of Soissons COp 12 (1962)
  • Meditation COp posth. (1964)
  • Sight reading (new)
  • Running away (new)
  • Lux aeterna (new)

Chamber music

  • Prelude, Récitatif and Variations COp 3 for Flute, Viola and Piano (1928)

Piano alone

  • Triptych COp 1: Imagination on Gregorian topics (1927/1943, new)
  • Three Dances COp 6 (1932, transcribed by the author):
    • Entertainment
    • slow Dance
    • Tambourine

Piano with four hands

  • Three Dances COp 6 (1932, transcribed by the author):
    • Entertainment
    • slow Dance
    • Tambourine

Two pianos

  • Three Dances COp 6 (1932, transcribed by the author):
    • Entertainment
    • slow Dance
    • Tambourine

Orchestrates

  • Three Dances COp 6 (1932):
    • Entertainment
    • slow Dance
    • Tambourine
  • Andante and Scherzo COp 8 (1940)

Liturgical works

  • Requiem COp 9 for soli, choruses, orchestra and organ (1947)
    • Version with Organ (1948)
    • Version with Orchestra (1950)
    • Version with reduced Orchestra (1961)
    • Version with reduced Orchestra and horns (1970)
  • Four Motets on Gregorian Topics COp 10 for chorus (1960):
    • Ubi caritas and amor
    • Tota will pulchra are
    • You are Petrus
    • Tantum ergo
  • Messe Cum Jubilo COp 11 for baritone solo, chorus of baritones and orchestra (1966):
    • Version with Organ (1967)
    • Version with Orchestra (1970)
    • Version with reduced Orchestra (1972)
  • Our Father COp 14 per 4 mixed votes (1977)

Various works

  • Homage to Jean Gallon (1953)
  • Sicilian of the Continuation COp 5 for small orchestra (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn and string quintet; new)

Transcriptions

  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Four Chorals for organ , transcribed for orchestra by Maurice Duruflé (1942/1945):
    • Viens Saver from Pagan (Extracted the 18 Chorals of Leipzig) the
    • Réjouissez you liked well Chrétiens BWV 734 (Extracted the various Chorals)
    • O Innocent Lamb by God BWV 656 (Extracted the 18 Chorals of Leipzig)
    • In you is joy BWV 615 (Extracted Orgelbüchlein)
  • Louis Vierne: foreign Evenings COp 56 , for violoncello and piano, orchestrated by Maurice Duruflé (1943):
    • Grenade
    • On Léman
    • Canadian Venice
    • Steppe
    • Chinese Poisson
  • Louis Vierne: Ballade of desperate COp 61 , lyric Poem for song and orchestra. Orchestration of Maurice Duruflé (1943)
  • Maurice Duruflé: Requiem COp 9 , for voice and piano (1947)
  • Johann Sebastian Bach: Two Chorals of Cantatas BWV 22 und 147 , arranged for organ by Maurice Duruflé (1952)
  • Louis Vierne: Three Improvisations for organ (Our-Lady-of-Paris, November 1928), reconstituted by Maurice Duruflé (1954):
    • episcopal Walk
    • Meditation
    • Procession
  • Charles Tournemire: Five Improvisations for organ (co. Clotilde, Paris, 1930/1931), reconstituted by Maurice Duruflé (1956-1958):
    • Small impromptu rhapsody
    • impromptu Cantilena
    • Improvisation on the " Te Deum"
    • Imagination-Improvisation on l'" Ave husbands stella"
    • Choral-Improvisation on the " Victimae paschali"
  • Gabriel Fauré : Prelude of Pelléas and Mélisande , transcribed for organ by Maurice Duruflé
  • Robert Schumann: Lamentation , transcribed for organ by Maurice Duruflé

External bonds

  • Association Maurice and Marie-madeleine Duruflé

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