Mashhad

Meshhed or Mashhad مشهد () is the third plus big city of Iran and one of the holiest cities of the Shiism. Located at the North-East of the Iran, capital of the province of the Khorasan-e-razavi located at more 900  km in the east of Teheran. It is called the city with the thousand faces .

Mashhad means " place of martyre" , according to death by poisoning of the eighth Imam of the Shiites duodécimains the Imam `rear-Ridâ Ali by the Abbasid caliph Al-My `mûn. It is this poisoning, second great loss of the Shiite Moslems vis-a-vis the sunnites after the massacre of Karbala, which conferred on Mashhad its role of religious city and place of pilgrimage for all the Shiites duodécimains.

Economy

  • manufacture of carpet,
  • industries textile, chemical, pharmaceutical, food.
Mashhad shelters the sanctuary where was buried, at the beginning of the 9th century, the Imam Reza, the eighth Imam of the Shiites, a holy locality of the Islam for the Moslems Chiite S one of the principal holy places of Islam. The tomb of the caliph Harun Al-Rachid is also in the sanctuary. The city shelters the Université of Mashhad. One can see, not far, the ruins of the old town of Tus.

History

Mashhad is known to have taken importance as a religious center at the 9th century. The shah Abbas Ier the Large one rebuilt and refits the city following his destruction.

In addition to its religious importance, Mashhad also played an undeniable political role. She knew her era of glory under Nâdir Shâh, which directed the Persia of 1736 to 1747 and made its capital of it.

Although mainly Moslem woman, Mashhad knew various religious minorities whose Jews, which had to convert with Islam in 1839. Although recognized like " new musulmans" ( Jadid Al-Islam ), they preserved in secrecy their Jewish identities and traditions.

In 1912, the tomb of the Reza Imam was bombarded by the Russian army.

September 1st 2006, a Tupolev You-154 of the compagine Iran Air Turns was crushed with the landing with Mashhad, causing the death of 29 people.

Personalities

Twinning

References

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