Marshal-shoeing

The marshal-shoeing is a craftsman whose trade consists with to shoe the feet horses and others équidés and to deal with their trimming. The door-fitting of the Bovin S of milked is seldom practiced today. There exists approximately 1300 marshal-shoeing in France.

Old trade of more than 3000 years, the term of marshal comes from former French Marhskalk who appointed a servant who looked after the horses. The word marshal then took two different directions: that appointing the craftsman charged to shoe the horses and the other which appoints the officer appointed with the care of the horses. The marshal-shoeing word was then created to distinguish these two trades.

Necessary qualities

To know the foot of the horse and the way of shoeing it and of avoiding it. This work requires a manual skill allied in a direction of the observation.
To know to be made obey horses to be able to handle them. Marshal-shoeing is often known for its ability to be made respect horses.
To know the anatomy of the horses and in particular the defects of balance, boitery and feet.

To have a physical good condition because the trade claims a certain muscular resistance to raise a foot and to work in a semi-squatted position. The trade is famous “physics”.

Exercise of the trade

Formerly, the owner of a horse carried out it to marshal-shoeing. Nowadays, this last moves at work to achieve and has all the necessary tools in a van: irons, furnace with gas, buckets, halters, aprons, hammers and other tools… Nowadays, marshal-shoeing it any more itself does not forge the horseshoes except notable for those of the Republican guard.

One marshal-shoeing can exert as paid or as an independent craftsman. It earns generally well its living but with the proviso of not counting its hours and its effort. The trade is considered abrasive with time because of the uncomfortable position which it imposes.

Formation

In France, until 1997, no diploma was necessary for the exercise of the trade. It is not any more the case today, one needs at least the WRAPPED or horse BEPA activities, option marechalery. Let us quote inter alia like training center the Vocational school of Mirande in the Gers and the professional National school of the Haras of the Pine in the Orne. The latter also makes it possible to acquire an additional training in Orthopédie and surgery of the foot, opening access to a required profession. Initial training with WRAPPED can also proceed in master craftsman.

The trade of marshal-shoeing is again in rise to accompany the increase by the number of horses.

Tools

the oilstones and affûtoirs are used to maintain the sharp one of outils.cer silverings marshals use also a stone has water.
the paring-iron is an instrument intended to avoid the horn, although it more hardly is used today, replaced by the bad temper foot .
the shoeing-hammer is a hammer which is used for to stitch the nails.
the compass of foot is used to precisely measure the angles of the horn in orthopedic fitting.
the fuller is used to create a small box in the wall of the foot to hide there the rivet
the to dérivoir is an instrument intended to rectify the rivets of the nails, in order to remove iron.
the anvil is used to hammer irons and to give them the turning .
the forging mill , formerly with coal, maintaining with gas, is used to heat irons for the to turn i.e. to adapt them to the shape of the foot.
the mailloche is a light hammer, often with head nylon, intended to avoid the foot.
the hammer to stamp is used to add a hole (étampure) with iron.
the grip to avoid is a sharpened grip, being used to cut the horn.
the grip to rivet is a grip intended to bend the end of the nails (to rivet).
the grip to probe is used to test the sensitivity of the foot and to detect hématomes (bleimes) or abscesses.
the rénette is a curved blade instrument intended to release the forks.
the grater is used for work of completion of trimming.
the bad temper foot is a sharpened right blade intended to avoid the horn.
the apron of leather protects the legs from the marshal.
the clipper of forging mill is a clipper with flattened ends being used to handle extreme irons.
the tricoise is a kind of clipper intended to cut the nails and is sometimes used in the stage of the stitching.

See too

Horseshoe
Foot of the horse

External bonds

French Union of marshal-shoeing: lexicon, articles on the marechalery, current events

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