The Marmatie ( Ţara Marmaţiei or Maramureş , Mármaros ) is old a voévodat of XIIIème century, located at the foot of the Carpates, in the high basin of the river the Tisza, today with horse on the Romania, in the north of the Transylvania (Judeţ de Maramureş) and the Ukraine (oblast of subcarpatic Ukraine).

The historical capital of Marmatie was the town of Ostrovu Marmaţiei ( Máramarossziget ), today Sighet in Romania, on the edges of the Tisza, at the roumano-Ukrainian border.

The current capital of the judeţ is Baia Mare ( Nagybánya ) which belonged to the Principauté of Transylvania.

History

According to work of Janos Mihàlyi of the university of Budapest, and Alexandru Filipaşcu of the university of Cluj, the voïvodat of Marmatie was constituted at the time of the recognition by the Hungarian crown of the rights of the lords (jupâni) local Valaques. The title of voïvode, which appears then, watch a continuity between the old (and perhaps legendary) slavo-Rumanian principalities known as of Gelou, Glad and Menumorout, former to the Hungarian conquest, and Maramureş whose existence is attested perfectly by multiple and concordant sources.

According to the Hungarian chronicles, Wallachian jupâns of Maramureş would be at the origin of the foundation of the Principauté of Moldavie with.

From XIVème century, the autonomous voïvodat of Maramureş disappears (that of Transylvania remains, him, until 1867). It is replaced by the county (in Hungarian: megye ) of Máramaros , which is only one administrative division of the Magyar kingdom, without autonomy. This one will remain, within the same limits as the voïvodat, until 1918. During these five centuries, the valley of the Tisza and the cities will be colonized by farmers and minors Hungarian and German, then, in the currently Ukrainian northern part, by shepherds and country Ruthènes. Let us announce also an important Jewish community ashkénaze traditionalist, from which Elie Wiesel is resulting.

At the conclusion of the First World War, the county of Maramureş is divided between Romania (in the south of the Tisza, included in the current judeţ of Maramureş with which one associated the area of Baia-Pond) and the Czechoslovakia (kraj of Ruthénie subcarpatic).

At the beginning of the Second world war, Hungary recovers the totality of the county of Maramureş to the detriment of Czechoslovakia and Romania cut up. The community ashkénaze is exterminated between 1941 and 1944. The Treaty of Paris of 1946 restores in Romania the current judeţ of Maramureş but to the Czechoslovakia the kraj of Ruthénie subcarpatic does not return, which is annexed by the the USSR and is attached to the Soviet socialist République of Ukraine.

Populations

In the north of the Tisza, the majority of the population is Ukrainian, with minorities Rumanian S and Magyar. In the south of the Tisza, the majority of the population is Rumanian, with minorities Ruthènes, Magyar, but also, in a scattered way, Rroms and, in the valley of Vasar (which comes from Wasser ), of the German .

See too

• Churches out of wooden of Maramures
• Judeţ de Maramureş
• Teofil Ivanciuc
• Sighetu Marmaţiei
• merry Cemetery of Sapânţa

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